اقتصاد نوآور: الگويي جديد براي تحليل و سياستگذاري توسعه علوم ،فناوري و نوآوري

Innovative Economy: A New Model for Science,Technology and Innovation Analysis and Policy Making

For more than five decades, principal models for analysis and policy making in science, technology and innovation have been formed and developed from evolutionary economics. Since Schumpeter defined the concepts of innovation and technology change in 1940s, five main models have been developed for analysis of innovation system and technology development policy making. "Experience-based entrepreneurial" is first and simplest, and "Triple Helix of University-Industry-Government Relations" is recent and most complex among those. These models more concentrate on national institutions and ignored role of human factor and market mechanism in knowledge development, and knowledge-based entrepreneurial and innovation. While, in the present era that is called knowledge era; learners, innovators and wise individuals are principal factors in constructing and creating new institutions. In this paper an attempt has been made to develop a new model of knowledge-based economy perspective as a tool for science, technology and innovation analysis and policy making in Iran. In this model that is called innovative economy is based on human agent and market mechanism. In this model, human agents (learner household and human capitalists) and economics institutions (knowledge firms, knowledge-based firms, financial institutions and government) in framework of higher education market, human capital market, idea market, capital venture market and other market, develop knowledge and knowledge– based entrepreneurial and innovation.