ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺧﻄﺮﻫﺎي ﺷﻐﻠﯽ اﺗﺎق ﻋﻤﻞ و دﻟﺎﯾﻞ ﺑﺮوز آن در ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎران اﺗﺎق ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﺮﮐﺰ آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ- درﻣﺎﻧﯽ اﻟﺰﻫﺮا

Evaluation and causes of occupational hazards in the operating

زﻣﯿﻨﻪ و ﻫﺪف ﯾﮑﯽ از واﺣﺪﻫﺎي ﻣﻬﻢ ﺑﯿﻤﺎرﺳـﺘﺎن ﮐﻪ در آن ﺧﻄﺮﻫﺎي زﯾﺎدي اﺗﻔﺎق ﻣﯽاﻓﺘﺪ، اﺗﺎق ﻋﻤﻞ اﺳﺖ و ﯾﮑﯽ از ﮔﺮوهﻫﺎي ﻣﻬﻤﯽ ﮐﻪ در اﺗﺎق ﻋﻤﻞ در ﻣﻌﺮض اﯾﻦ ﺧﻄﺮﻫﺎ ﻗﺮار دارﻧﺪ، ﭘﺮﺳـﺘﺎران اﺗﺎق ﻋﻤﻞ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﺪاد اﻧﺪك ﭘﮋوﻫﺎ درﺑﺎرة ﻓﺮاواﻧﯽ و دﻟﺎﯾﻞ ﺧﻄﺮﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﭘﺮﺳــﺘﺎران اﺗﺎق ﻋﻤﻞ اﺗﻔﺎق ﻣﯽاﻓﺘﺪ، ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿــﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺗﻮزﯾﻊ ﻓﺮاواﻧﯽ ﺧﻄﺮﻫﺎي ﺷﻐﻠﯽ اﺗﺎق ﻋﻤﻞ و دﻟﺎﯾﻞ ﺑﺮوز آنﻫﺎ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﻣﻮاد و روشﻫﺎ در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ- ﻣﻘﻄﻌﯽ، اﺑﺰار ﮔﺮدآوري دادهﻫﺎ ﭘﺮﺳﺶﻧﺎﻣﻪاي ﻣﺤﻘﻖﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ در آن اﻓﺰونﺑﺮ اﻧﻮاع ﺧﻄﺮﻫﺎ، دﻟﺎﯾﻞ ﺑﺮوز ﻧﯿﺰ ﻣﻮرد ﭘﺮﺳﺶ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﻮد. ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺷﯿﻮة در دﺳﺘﺮس اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ از ﻣﯿﺎن 70 ﻧﻔﺮ ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎر اﺗﺎق ﻋﻤﻞ، 45 ﻧﻔﺮ ﭘﺮﺳﺶﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﺬﮐﻮر را ﭘﺮ ﮐﺮدﻧﺪ. دادهﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺮماﻓﺰار spss آﻧﺎﻟﯿﺰ ﺷﺪ. در ﻣﯿﺎن ﺧﻄﺮﻫﺎي ﺷﻐﻠﯽ اﺗﺎق ﻋﻤﻞ، ﺧﻄﺮﻫﺎي ﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﺗﻌﺪاد دﻓﻌﺎت ﻣﻮاﺟﻬﻪ 26/09 ﺑﺎر، ﭘﺮ ﻣﻮاﺟﻬﻪ-ﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺧﻄﺮ ﺷﺪ. ﺧﻄﺮﻫﺎي ارﮔﻮﻧﻮﻣﯿﮏ ﺑﺎ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﺗﻌﺪاد دﻓﻌﺎت ﻣﻮاﺟﻬﻪ 10/38و ﺧﻄﺮﻫﺎي ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﺗﻌﺪاد دﻓﻌﺎت ﻣﻮاﺟﻬﻪ 10/04 ﺑﻪﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ در ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺎه دوم و ﺳﻮم ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪﮔﯿﺮي ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎران اﺗﺎق ﻋﻤﻞ دﭼﺎر ﺧﻄﺮﻫﺎي ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮﻧﯽ ﻣﯽﺷﻮﻧﺪ. ﺑﻌﻀﯽ از دﻟﺎﯾﻞ ﺑﺮوز اﯾﻦ ﺧﻄﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪرﯾﺰي ﺳﺎده و ﻫﺰﯾﻨﮥ ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻦ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﺑﺮﻃﺮف ﺷﻮﻧﺪ. رﻓﻊ ﮐﺮدن اﯾﻦ دﻟﺎﯾﻞ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ زﯾﺎدي در ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺑﺮوز ﺧﻄﺮﻫﺎ، ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻫﺰﯾﻨﻪﻫﺎ و اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ اﺗﺎق ﻋﻤﻞ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.

Introduction: One of the important units in hospital where there is a lot of hazard, is the operating room. One of the most important groups that is exposure to these hazards are operating room nurses. Given that there are few studies on the abundance and causes of hazards for operating room nurses, The presents study was conducted with the aim of determining the occupational hazards evaluation of the operating room and the causes of the it. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, the data gathering tool was a researcher-made questionnaire in which besides a variety of hazards, the causes of the hazards were also questioned. Samples were selected in an accessible manner. Results: Of the 70 operating room nurses, 45 completed the questionnaires. Data were analyzed by SPSS software. Among the operational hazards of the operating room, chemical hazards were the most endangered by the average exposure of 26.09 times. Ergonomic hazards with an average number of exposure times of 10.38 and accidental hazards with an average number of exposures of 10.44 are second and third respectively. Conclusion: Operating room nurses exposure to different hazards. Some of the causes of these hazards can be resolved with simple planning and low cost. Elimination of these causes can have a great impact on reducing risks, reducing costs and improving the quality of the operating room.