ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻫﺸﺖ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺘﯽ و اﺳﺘﻘﺎﻣﺘﯽ ﻓﺰاﯾﻨﺪه ﺑﺮ ﺳﻄﻮح آﯾﺮﯾﺰﯾﻦ ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﮐﺒﺪ و ﻋﻀﻠﻪ دوﻗﻠﻮ در ﻣﻮشﻫﺎي ﺻﺤﺮاﯾﯽ ﻧﺮ

The Effect of Eight Weeks Progressive Resistance and Endurance Training on Liver Tissue and Gastrocnemius Muscle’s Irisin levels in Male Rats

زﻣﯿﻨﻪ آﯾﺮﯾﺰﯾﻦ ﮐﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻋﻀﻠﻪ اﺳﮑﻠﺘﯽ در ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ورزﺷﯽ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد، اﺧﯿﺮاً ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان ﻫﺪف درﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﯿﻤﺎريﻫﺎي ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻮﻟﯿﮏ ﮔﺰارش ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻫﺪف از ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ، ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻫﺸﺖ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺘﯽ و اﺳﺘﻘﺎﻣﺘﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺳﻄﻮح آﯾﺮﯾﺰﯾﻦ ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﮐﺒﺪ و ﻋﻀﻠﻪ دوﻗﻠﻮ در ﻣﻮشﻫﺎي ﺻﺤﺮاﯾﯽ ﻧﺮ اﺳﺖ. روش ﮐﺎر در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ 15 ﺳﺮ ﻣﻮش ﺻﺤﺮاﯾﯽ ﻧﺮ ﺑﻪﻃﻮر ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ، ﺑﻪ ﺳﻪ ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل )5 ﺳﺮ(، ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ اﺳﺘﻘﺎﻣﺘﯽ )5 ﺳﺮ( و ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺘﯽ )5 ﺳﺮ(، ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ.ﮔﺮوه اﺳﺘﻘﺎﻣﺘﯽ، ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻨﺎت را ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت ﻫﺸﺖ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ روي ﻧﻮارﮔﺮدان و ﮔﺮوه ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺘﯽ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻨﺎت ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺘﯽ را ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت ﻫﺸﺖ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ روي ﻧﺮدﺑﺎن ﯾﮏ ﻣﺘﺮي ﺑﺎ ﺷﯿﺐ 85 درﺟﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم دادﻧﺪ و ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل در اﯾﻦ ﻣﺪت، ﺑﺪون ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. 72 ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﭘﺲ از آﺧﺮﯾﻦ ﺟﻠﺴﻪ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﺣﯿﻮاﻧﺎت ﺑﯽﻫﻮش و ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﮐﺒﺪ و ﻋﻀﻠﻪ دوﻗﻠﻮ ﺑﺮداﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ. از آزﻣﻮن ﺷﺎﭘﯿﺮووﯾﻠﮏ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺗﻮزﯾﻊ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ دادهﻫﺎ و از آزﻣﻮنآﻧﺎﻟﯿﺰ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﯾﮏﻃﺮﻓﻪ و آزﻣﻮن ﺗﻌﻘﯿﺒﯽ ﺗﻮﮐﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ دادهﻫﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ و ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري در ﺳﻄﺢ 0/05 ≤P ﭘﺬﯾﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ ﭘﺲ ازﺗﺄﯾﯿﺪ ﺗﻮزﯾﻊ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ دادهﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ آزﻣﻮن ﺷﺎﭘﯿﺮووﯾﻠﮏ، ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ آزﻣﻮن آﻧﺎﻟﯿﺰ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﯾﮏﻃﺮﻓﻪ، اﺧﺘﻠﺎف ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري را در ﻣﻘﺎدﯾﺮ آﯾﺮﯾﺰﯾﻦ ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﮐﺒﺪ و ﻋﻀﻠﻪ دوﻗﻠﻮ در ﺑﯿﻦ ﮔﺮوهﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن داد )ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ: P=0/016 ،P=0/001(. آزﻣﻮن ﺗﻌﻘﯿﺒﯽ ﺗﻮﮐﯽ ﻧﯿﺰ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري را در ﻣﻘﺎدﯾﺮ آﯾﺮﯾﺰﯾﻦ ﻋﻀﻠﻪ دوﻗﻠﻮ در ﮔﺮوه ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ اﺳﺘﻘﺎﻣﺘﯽ و ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺘﯽ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﻧﺸﺎن داد )ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ؛P=0/061 ،P=0/016(. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ آزﻣﻮن ﺗﻌﻘﯿﺒﯽ ﺗﻮﮐﯽ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري در ﻣﻘﺎدﯾﺮ آﯾﺮﯾﺰﯾﻦ ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﮐﺒﺪ در ﮔﺮوه ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ اﺳﺘﻘﺎﻣﺘﯽ و ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺘﯽ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل وﺟﻮد دارد )ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ: P=0/001 ،P=0/001(. اﻣﺎ اﺧﺘﻠﺎف ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري در ﻣﻘﺎدﯾﺮ آﯾﺮﯾﺰﯾﻦ ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﮐﺒﺪ و ﻋﻀﻠﻪ دوﻗﻠﻮ ﺑﯿﻦ ﮔﺮوهﻫﺎي ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻨﯽ وﺟﻮد ﻧﺪاﺷﺖ )ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ: 0/962=P =0/742 ،P (. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪﮔﯿﺮي ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ، ﻫﺮ دو ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻨﺎت ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺘﯽ و اﺳﺘﻘﺎﻣﺘﯽ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﺳﻄﻮح آﯾﺮﯾﺰﯾﻦ را در ﻫﺮ دو ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﮐﺒﺪ و ﻋﻀﻠﻪ دوﻗﻠﻮ، ﺑﻪﻃﻮر ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ دﻫﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﯽرﺳﺪ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ورزﺷﯽ از اﯾﻦ ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ اﺛﺮات ﻣﻔﯿﺪي در ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮي و درﻣﺎن ﺑﯿﻤﺎريﻫﺎي ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻮﻟﯿﮏ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.

Background and purpose:Irisin, which is released in response to physical activity, has recently been reported as the therapeutic target in metabolic disorders. The present study attempts to discover the effect of eight weeks’ resistance or endurance training on the irisin level in rats’ gastrocnemius and liver. Materials and methods:To this purpose,15 male rats were randomly assigned to three groups of 5: the resistance group, the endurance group, and the control group. For 8 weeks, the resistance group did the activities on the treadmill and the endurance group on a one-meter-long ladder with 85 steep, while the control group did not receive any training. 72 hours after their last training session, the subjects were anaesthetized and their liver and gastrocnemius were removed. A Shapiro-Wilk test was run to determine the normal distribution of data, and a one-way ANOVA and a Tukey test were applied to analyze the data(P ≥ 0.05). Results: The normal distribution having been approved via the Shapiro-Wilk test, the one-way ANOVA showed a significant difference in the irisin levels between the groups’ livers and gastrocnemii (P =0.001 and P -0.016, respectively). The Tukey test revealed a significant rise in the liver tissue of the resistance group and endurance group in comparison to the control group (P =0.001 and P =0.742, respectively). Conclusion:According to this study, both resistance and endurance training can help significantly increase the irisin level of both the liver and the gastrocnemius, indicating how physical activity can help in the prevention and treatment of metabolic illnesses