ﻧﻘﺶ ﺗﻌﺪﯾﻞﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﻤﺪﻟﯽ در راﺑﻄﻪ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﻪ روانﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﺑﺎ اﻓﺴﺮدﮔﯽ و اﺿﻄﺮاب در ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎران

The Moderating Effect of Empathy on the Relation Psychological Capital with Depression and Anxiety Among Nurses

زﻣﯿﻨﻪ واﮐﻨﺶﻫﺎي ﻫﯿﺠﺎﻧﯽ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻣﺜﻞ اﺿﻄﺮاب و اﻓﺴﺮدﮔﯽ، در ﺟﻮاﻣﻊ اﻣﺮوز ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﻣﺸﻬﻮد ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ و ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎري را درﮔﯿﺮ ﮐﺮدهاﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﺑﺮ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺖﻫﺎي ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺘﯽ در ﺣﺎل اراﺋﻪ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﺑﮕﺬارﻧﺪ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ در ﻣﻌﺮض ﺧﻄﺮ ﺑﻮدن ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺖ رواﻧﯽ ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎران، ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺗﻌﺪﯾﻞﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﻫﻤﺪﻟﯽ در راﺑﻄﻪ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﻪ روانﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﺑﺎ اﻓﺴﺮدﮔﯽ و اﺿﻄﺮاب در ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎران ﻣﯽﭘﺮدازد. روش ﮐﺎر اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﯽ اﮐﺘﺸﺎﻓﯽ از ﻧﻮع ﻃﺮحﻫﺎي ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺪول ﻣﻮرﮔﺎن، ﺗﻌﺪاد 217 ﻧﻔﺮ از ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎران )165 زن و 52 ﻣﺮد( ﺷﺎﻏﻞ در ﺑﯿﻤﺎرﺳﺘﺎنﻫﺎي ﺷﻬﺮ ﺳﺒﺰوار در ﺑﻬﺎر ﺳﺎل 1396 ﺑﻪ روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي در دﺳﺘﺮس اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺑﺮاي ﺟﻤﻊآوري دادهﻫﺎ از ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎي ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﻪ روانﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﻟﻮﺗﺎﻧﺰ و ﻫﻤﮑﺎران )2007(، ﻣﻘﯿﺎس ﻫﻤﺪﻟﯽ ﺑﺎرون- ﮐﻮﻫﻦ )2003( و ﻣﻘﯿﺎس اﺿﻄﺮاب و اﻓﺴﺮدﮔﯽ ﺑﯿﻤﺎرﺳﺘﺎﻧﯽ زﯾﮕﻤﻮن و اﺳﻨﺎﯾﺖ )1983(، اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. دادهﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از آزﻣﻮن ﺿﺮﯾﺐ ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﭘﯿﺮﺳﻮن و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ رﮔﺮﺳﯿﻮن ﭼﻨﺪﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮه ﺗﻌﺪﯾﻠﯽ ﺑﻪ ﮐﻤﮏ ﻧﺮماﻓﺰار 22-spss ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن دادﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﯿﻦ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﻪ رواﻧﺸﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ و اﻓﺴﺮدﮔﯽ و اﺿﻄﺮاب ﺑﯿﻤﺎرﺳﺘﺎﻧﯽ در ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎران، راﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﻨﻔﯽ ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري وﺟﻮد دارد )0/01‹P(. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻫﻤﺪﻟﯽ در راﺑﻄﻪ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﻪ روانﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﯿﻨﯽ اﺿﻄﺮاب و اﻓﺴﺮدﮔﯽ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺗﻌﺪﯾﻞﮐﻨﻨﺪه دارد )0/01‹P(. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪﮔﯿﺮي ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎي اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻣﯽﺗﻮان ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻫﻤﺪﻟﯽ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ راﺑﻄﻪ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﯾﻪ روانﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﮕﺎن ﺑﺎﻟﯿﻨﯽ اﻓﺴﺮدﮔﯽ و اﺿﻄﺮاب ﺑﯿﻤﺎرﺳﺘﺎﻧﯽ را ﺗﻌﺪﯾﻞ ﮐﻨﺪ.

Introduction: Inappropriate emotional reactions such as anxiety and depression is very evident in today’s societies, affecting and causing too many problems for nurses, then effect on the quality of providing health cares. According to the nurses' exposure to mental health disorders, the purpose of the present research is to study empathy moderating role in relationship between psychological capital with depression and anxiety of nurses. Materials and Methods: This research is an exploratory research of correlation plans. Based on Morgan Table were selected 217 subjects of employed nurses (100 male and 117 female) as hospitals of Sabzevar in spring 2018 by available sampling. In order to obtain data, Luthans et al (2007), psychological capital questionnaire, Baron-Cohen empathy(2003), and Anxiety and Depression Scale of Zigmond and Snaith Hospital (1983),were used. Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient and multivariate regression analyses by SPSS-22 software. Results: Findings of the present research showed that there are negative significant relationship between psychological capital and hospital of anxiety and depression of nurses (p<0.01). also empathy is mediating role in relationship between psychological capital and clinical symptoms of anxiety and depression(p<0.01). Conclusion: According to the findings of the research, it can be concluded that empathy can be mediated relationship psychological capital and hospital clinical symptoms of depression and anxiety.