پديد آورندگان :
قرائي، آزاده دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي - واحد علوم و تحقيقات، تهران - دانشكده عمران معماري و هنر - گروه شهرسازي , زبردست، اسفنديار دانشگاه تهران - دانشكده شهرسازي - پرديس هنرهاي زيبا , ماجدي، حميد دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي - واحد علوم و تحقيقات، تهران - دانشكده عمران معماري و هنر - گروه شهرسازي
كليدواژه :
فرم شهر , ساختار فضايي , پايداري اجتماعي , پايداري اقتصادي , پايداري زيست محيطي
چكيده فارسي :
فرم و ساختار فضايي شهر، از ابعاد مهم شناخت و تحليل شهر مي‌باشند. بررسي ادبيات نظري پيرامون مفاهيم ساختار فضايي، فرم شهري، استخوان بندي، شكل‌شهر و... نشان مي‌دهد تشتت آراء در اين حوزه‌ها بسيار است؛ لذا محقق با استفاده از روش‌هاي پژوهش قياسي به‌دنبال تبارشناسي و واكاوي دقيق مفاهيم فرم و ساختار‌فضايي شهر است. از طرف ديگر، يكي از مهم‌ترين منابع ناپايداري، فرم و ساختار فضايي شهر شناخته‌شده‌است. محقق با استفاده از روش پژوهش استقرايي و بهره‌گيري از مدل خوشه‌بندي K-means در نرمافزار Pyton و همچنين استفاده از نرمافزارGIS جهت تحليل داده‌هاي مكاني و پرسش‌نامه ساكنين براي شاخص هاي كيفي، به‌دنبال آن است كه ارتباط ميان مؤلفه‌هاي فرم شهري و ساختار فضايي را بر مؤلفه‌هاي پايداري در مقياس مناطق شهر تهران شناسايي نمايد. همپوشاني بالاي خوشه‌بندي مناطق تهران بر اساس شاخص‌هاي فرم و ساختار فضايي و نيز شاخص-هاي پايداري، نشان‌دهنده تأثيرگذاري مستقيم شاخص‌هاي فرم و ساختار فضايي شهري بر پايداري در شهر تهران است.
چكيده لاتين :
Urban form and spatial structure are important aspects for city surveying and its analysis. Literature review on the
concepts of spatial structure, urban form, pattern of the city and etc. indicates variety and diversity of opinion in
these areas. Some of the reasons for differences in the definition of these concepts are as follows: the difference in
scales and areas of research, different ways of translations, different semantic content for similar indicators, view of
planner or designer and etc. Therefore the author is looking for detailed analysis and explanation of the concepts of
urban form and urban spatial structure. we can find out that the urban spatial structure and urban form in some parts
and some variables such as natural landscape, transport infrastructure, communication networks, spatial pattern
of land use, morphology of housing, density and etc. have overlaps, but not completely overlapping or following.
In other words, if we classify the definitions of these two concepts into three levels: the macro level )metropolitan
areas(, middle level )cities and regions( and micro levels )neighborhoods and neighborhoods units(, at the middle
level, the implications of these two concepts are overlapping, so in this scale, the two concepts can be equated.
However at the macro level, the components of urban spatial structure and at the micro level, the elements of urban
form can be clearer to explain the issue. Although some researchers use urban spatial structure for micro scale or
urban form for macro scale, but in this article, by analysis of comments of majority of experts, it has been argued
that the concepts of urban form and urban spatial structure at the middle scale equally, the components of urban
form at the micro scale and the elements and variables of urban spatial structure at the macro scale can repaint the
nature of urban development issues with a more accurate method. From another prospect, urban form and spatial structure of the city are known as one of the most important sources
of environmental, economic and social instability. There are many ways to achieve a sustainable future for urban
and regional scales. In this research and with an analytical view, the authors went on to identify how urban form
and spatial structure affect Tehran sustainability and after collecting information and analyzing the spatial layers,
using the K-Means Clustering Model and the GIS software series and Python programming language, we classified
the 22 districts of Tehran into six clusters based on the urban-form and urban spatial structure indicators in the
middle scale. The similarities between the form and spatial structure indicators in each of these categories makes
such categorization and typology meaningful. Also we classified these districts into six clusters based on the urban
sustainability indexes by using K-Means Clustering Model the overlap of clustering in Tehran's districts based on
the form and spatial structure indicators and on the basis of sustainability indicators, shows urban form and urban .
