آسيب‌ شناسي پايداري محله‌هاي شهري با تأكيد بر آسيب‌هاي اجتماعي (مطالعه موردي: منطقه يك شهر تهران)

Sustainable Pathology of Urban Neighborhoods with an Emphasis on Social Harms Case Study: District 1 of Tehran City

اين پژوهش به آسيب­ شناسي پايداري محله‌هاي 26 گانه منطقه يك تهران با تأكيد بر آسيب‌هاي اجتماعي پرداخته است. هدف اصلي توزيع فضايي آسيب‌هاي اجتماعي در سطح محلات و بسترسازي براي مديريت كنترل، كاهش توسعه پايدار محله ­اي است. هويت شهري از شاخص‌هاي توسعه پايدار است. روش پژوهش اكتشافي–تحليلي است. داده‌ها و اطلاعات از طريق منابع اسنادي و ميداني گردآوري‌شده‌اند. تجزيه‌ و تحليل داده‌ها از نرم‌افزار Super Decisions در سيستم اطلاعات جغرافيايي استفاده‌شده است. نمونه آماري 30 نفر از كارشناسان حوزه برنامه ­ريزي شهري و تعداد 372 نفر از ساكن محلات با استفاده از فرمول كوكران است. يافته‌هاي پژوهش نشان دادند كه محلات منطقه يك شهرداري تهران با آسيب‌هاي اجتماعي روبه رشدي روبرو هستند. آسيب‌هاي اجتماعي مشترك در سطح منطقه طلاق، دختران فراري، تكدي­گري، اعتياد به مواد مخدر و كارگران فصلي است. از لحاظ توزيع فضايي بيشتر در ميدان­ ها ازجمله ميدان تجريش محله­ هاي پر تراكم قابل‌ توجه است.

The social pathology of urban neighborhoods is very important in the sustainability of the city. This research studies the sustainable pathology of urban neighborhoods in Region 1 of Tehran city with an emphasis on social harms. The main objective of the social pathology and its spatial distribution at the neighborhoods level is to plan and manage how to control and reduce the social harms and make sustainable neighborhood development. Employing an exploratory analysis method, the present study is an applied research. The data has been collected through documentary and field studies. For analyzing the data, Super Decisions software and various tools have been used in Geographical Information System )GIS(. The study area is the neighborhoods of Region 1 of Tehran municipality and the level of analysis is its 26 neighborhoods. The statistical sample consists of 30 experts in the field of urban planning and engineering, and 372 inhabitants of the 26 neighborhoods. These participants have been selected using Cochran Formula and random sampling. The findings of the study show that the neighborhoods of Region 1 of Tehran municipality are encountering growing social harms. Common social harms in this region are divorce, runaway girls, beggary, drug addiction, and seasonal workers. In terms of spatial distribution, mostly squares are densely populated, e.g., Tajrish Square. Among the 26 existing neighborhoods, Evin )rank 1(, Zafarranieh )rank 2(, and Imamzadeh Qasem )rank 3( Neighborhoods have respectively the most amounts of social harms while Araj, Hekmat, Deszashib, and Mahmoudieh Neighborhoods have the least amount of social harms. Any appropriate social interventions and supportive measures require comprehensive studies and studies on opportunities and threats, the strengths and weaknesses, the nature and causes of injuries and social issues at a smaller level, namely, neighborhoods. According to the results of this study, effective preventive measures can be taken to improve the planning and optimal management of the city of Tehran in the municipality of Tehran, with the full knowledge of the existing damage and its type, and by achieving appropriate strategies to reduce the damage to the neighborhood system. In the area of a Tehran municipality, in order to help improve urban planning and management through the identification and elimination of existing damage, it is possible to develop and improve these areas of the region in terms of the quality of life of citizens and minimize the damage. In terms of the indices of urban development infrastructures and facilities, significant differences are also observed between the neighborhoods of this region using Fuzzy Method, e.g., Tajrish Neighborhood has the first rank in sustainable development due to the availability of facilities and access to offices and industries and several other development indices. Bagh-e-Ferdows Neighborhood has the second rank, while Golab Darre and Mahallati Neighborhoods are at the bottom of this ranking. According to the results of this study, it is possible to improve the planning and optimal urban management in a Tehran municipality region with full knowledge of existing damage and their type. They have taken effective preventive measures and appropriate.