استفاده از آلكيل بنزن سولفانات هاي خطي به عنوان نشانگر مولكولي جهت رديابي آلودگي فاضلاب شهري در رودخانه عباس آباد (همدان) در سال 1398:يك مطالعه توصيفي

The Use of Linear Alkylbenzene Sulphonates as a Molecular Marker for Tracing Urban Sewage Pollution in Abbasabad River (Hamadan) in 2019: A Descriptive Study

زﻣﯿﻨﻪ و ﻫﺪف: در دﻫﻪﻫﺎي ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﻬﻢ آﺑﯽ در ﺳﺮاﺳﺮ ﺟﻬﺎن در ﻣﻌﺮض ورود ﻓﺎﺿﻼبﻫﺎي ﺧﺎﻧﮕﯽ، ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ و ﭘﺴﺎبﻫﺎي ﮐﺸﺎورزي ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪاﻧﺪ. ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ آﻻﯾﻨﺪهﻫﺎي ﻓﺎﺿﻼب ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﺎت آﻟﮑﯿﻞ ﺑﻨﺰن ﺳﻮﻟﻔﺎﻧﺎتﻫﺎي ﺧﻄﯽ ) Linear Alkylbenzene Sulphonate ; LASs( ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. ﻫﺪف اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ، ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ و ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ رﯾﺴﮏ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ اﯾﻦ ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﺎت در رودﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻋﺒﺎسآﺑﺎد ﻫﻤﺪان اﺳﺖ. ﻣﻮاد وروشﻫﺎ: اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ در ﺑﻬﺎر ﺳﺎل 1398 ﺑﺮ روي آب رودﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻋﺒﺎسآﺑﺎد در 17 اﯾﺴﺘﮕﺎه اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ از روش ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ و اﺻﻼح ﺷﺪه ﻣﺘﯿﻠﻦ ﺑﻠﻮ ﺟﻬﺖ اﻧﺪازهﮔﯿﺮي ﻣﻘﺪار LAS اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﭘﺲ از آﻣﺎده ﺳﺎزي ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﻣﺘﯿﻠﻦ ﺑﻠﻮ، ﻓﺎز آﻟﯽ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺟﺪا و ﺟﺬب LAS ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از دﺳﺘﮕﺎه اﺳﭙﮑﺘﺮوﻓﺘﻮﻣﺘﺮ در ﻃﻮل ﻣﻮج 650 ﻧﺎﻧﻮﻣﺘﺮ ﻗﺮاﺋﺖ ﺷﺪ و ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﻨﺤﻨﯽ ﮐﺎﻟﯿﺒﺮاﺳﯿﻮن و ﺟﺬب ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه، ﻏﻠﻈﺖ LAS ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷﺪ. ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ رﯾﺴﮏ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ LAS ﺑﺎ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ رﯾﺴﮏ RQ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ، داﻣﻨﻪ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ LAS را ﺑﯿﻦ 0/11-2/65 و ﺑﺎ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ 1/25 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﻟﯿﺘﺮ ﻧﺸﺎن داد. ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪات ﻣﯿﺪاﻧﯽ، ورود ﻓﺎﺿﻼبﻫﺎي ﺗﺼﻔﯿﻪ ﻧﺸﺪه ﮐﺎرﺑﺮيﻫﺎي اﻃﺮاف ﺑﻪ داﺧﻞ رودﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻋﺒﺎسآﺑﺎد، ﻋﻠﺖ اﺻﻠﯽ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ زﯾﺎد LAS ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ رﯾﺴﮏ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ، ﻋﺪم وﺟﻮد رﯾﺴﮏ در ﮔﺮوهﻫﺎي ﺳﻨﯽ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ را ﻧﺸﺎن داد. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪﮔﯿﺮي: ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ، در ﺣﺎل ﺣﺎﺿﺮ در رودﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻋﺒﺎسآﺑﺎد ﻫﻤﺪان از ﺟﺎﻧﺐ ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﺎت LAS ﻧﮕﺮاﻧﯽ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻬﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ اﻧﺴﺎن وﺟﻮد ﻧﺪارد اﻣﺎ ﺷﺎﯾﺴﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ از ورود ﻓﺎﺿﻼبﻫﺎي ﺗﺼﻔﯿﻪ ﻧﺸﺪه و ﯾﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺼﻔﯿﻪ ﻧﺎﮐﺎﻓﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ارزﺷﻤﻨﺪ آﺑﯽ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﯿﺮي ﺷﻮد.

In the past decades, due to population growth and industrial activities, important water resources around the world have been exposed to domestic, industrial and agricultural wastewater. One of the most important wastewater pollutants is linear alkylbenzene sulphonates (LASs). This study aimed to investigate the concentration and health risk assessment of these compounds in the Abbasabad River in Hamadan. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted in the spring of 2019 from the water sample of Abbasabad River in 17 stations. In this study, the optimized and modified method of methylene blue was used to measure the amount of LAS. After preparing the samples using the methylene blue method, the organic phase of the sample was separated and the LAS absorption was read using a spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 650 nm, and the LAS concentration was calculated using the obtained absorption and calibration curve. LAS health risk assessment was performed by calculating the risk quotient (RQ) index. Results: The results showed LAS concentration ranged from 0.11 to 2.65 mg/L with a mean of 1.25 mg/L. Based on field observations, the entry of untreated wastewater into the Abbasabad River was the main cause of the high concentration of LAS. The results of the health risk assessment showed no risk in different age groups. Conclusion: The results show that at this level of LAS concentration in the Abbasabad River of Hamadan, there is no significant concern for human health. However, it is worthwhile to prevent the entry of untreated or inadequately treated wastewater into valuable water resources.