بررسي فراواني سندرم ساختمان بيمار و عوامل مرتبط با آن در پرستاران بيمارستان علي ابن ابي طالب (ع) رفسنجان در سال 1397: يك مطالعه مقطعي

Frequency of Sick Building Syndrome and Its Related Factors in Nurses at Ali Ibn Abitaleb Hospital in Rafsanjan City 2018: A Cross-Sectional Study

زﻣﯿﻨﻪ و ﻫﺪف: ﺳﻨﺪرم ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن ﺑﯿﻤﺎر )(Sick building syndrome; SBS ﯾﮏ ﺑﯿﻤﺎري ﻧﺎﺷﯽ از ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ اﻓﺮاد ﺣﺎﺿﺮ در ﻣﺤﯿﻂ آن، وﺿﻌﯿﺖ ﺟﺴﻤﯽ و روﺣﯽ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﯽ را ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ ﻧﻤﯽﮐﻨﻨﺪ. ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات روﺣﯽ و ﺟﺴﻤﯽ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺳﺮدرد، ﺗﻬﻮع، ﺧﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﻧﺎﻣﺘﻌﺎرف، ﻋﺪم ﺗﻤﺮﮐﺰ ﺣﻮاس و اﺣﺴﺎس ﺑﻮي ﻧﺎﻣﻄﺒﻮع ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ ﻫﺪف از اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﻓﺮاواﻧﯽ SBS و ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ آن در ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎران ﺑﯿﻤﺎرﺳﺘﺎن ﻋﻠﯽ اﺑﻦ اﺑﯽﻃﺎﻟﺐ )ع( رﻓﺴﻨﺠﺎن در ﺳﺎل 1397 ﺑﻮد. ﻣﻮاد و روشﻫﺎ: اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﻘﻄﻌﯽ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﭘﺮﺳﺶﻧﺎﻣﻪ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد MM040EA ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ SBS و ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ ﻫﻮاي داﺧﻞ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎن، در ﺑﯿﻤﺎرﺳﺘﺎن ﻋﻠﯽ اﺑﻦ اﺑﯽﻃﺎﻟﺐ )ع( رﻓﺴﻨﺠﺎن در ﺳﺎل 1397 اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. 285 ﻧﻔﺮ از ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎران ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﯿﻤﺎرﺳﺘﺎن ﺑﻪ روش ﺳﺮﺷﻤﺎري وارد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. دادهﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از آﻣﺎر ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ و آزﻣﻮن ﻣﺠﺬور ﮐﺎي ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ و اﻧﺤﺮاف ﻣﻌﯿﺎر ﺳﻦ ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎران ﺷﺮﮐﺖ ﮐﻨﻨﺪه 34/04±7/90 ﺳﺎل ﺑﻮد. ﺑﯿﺶﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻓﺮاواﻧﯽ ﻋﻼﺋﻢ SBS ﺷﺎﻣﻞ اﺣﺴﺎس ﺧﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﻣﺰﻣﻦ در 88 ﻧﻔﺮ )63/8 درﺻﺪ( و ﺧﺸﮑﯽ دﺳﺖ و ﺧﺎرش و ﻗﺮﻣﺰي ﭘﻮﺳﺖ در 71 ﻧﻔﺮ )51/4 درﺻﺪ( ﺑﻮد. 68 ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎر )49/3 درﺻﺪ( از ﺑﻮي ﻧﺎﻣﻄﺒﻮع ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﮐﺎر اﻏﻠﺐ اوﻗﺎت ﺷﮑﺎﯾﺖ داﺷﺘﻨﺪ و 77 ﻧﻔﺮ )56/2 درﺻﺪ( ﺣﺠﻢ ﮐﺎر ﺧﻮد را ﮔﺎﻫﯽ اوﻗﺎت زﯾﺎد ﻣﯽداﻧﺴﺘﻨﺪ. ﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت دﻣﻮﮔﺮاﻓﯿﮏ، ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﮐﺎر و ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﮐﺎر ﺑﺎ ﻓﺮاواﻧﯽ SBS اﺧﺘﻼف آﻣﺎري ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﻧﺸﺪ )0/05>P(. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪﮔﯿﺮي: ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮاواﻧﯽ ﺑﺎﻻي SBS در ﭘﺮﺳﺘﺎران ﺑﯿﻤﺎرﺳﺘﺎن و اﺛﺮات آن ﺑﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد و ﺑﻬﺮه وري آنﻫﺎ، ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﯽ ﻣﺠﺪد ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﺑﯿﻤﺎرﺳﺘﺎن و ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﮐﺎر ﺑﻪوﯾﮋه ﺗﻬﻮﯾﻪ ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎي ﺑﯿﻤﺎرﺳﺘﺎن ﺿﺮوري ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﯽرﺳﺪ.

Sick building syndrome (SBS) is a building-related illness in which people in the environment do not experience proper physical and mental well-being. Mental and physical changes include headache, nausea, abnormal fatigue, lack of concentration, sensation of an unpleasant odor. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of SBS and its related factors in nurses at Ali Ibn Abitaleb hospital in Rafsanjan City in 2018. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed using standard MM040EA questionnaire related to SBS and indoor air quality at Ali Ibn Abitaleb hospital in Rafsanjan city in 2018. 285 nurses in different wards of the hospital were entered the study using census method. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and chi-square test. Results: The mean ± standard deviation of age for participating nurses was 34.04±7.90 years. Fatigue 88 (63.8%), dry hands and itching and red skin 71 (51.4%) were the most frequent symptoms of SBS among the nurses. 68 (49.3%) nurses complained of unpleasant odors of the workplace every week, and 77 (56.2%) nurses felt their workload was sometimes high. Demographic characteristics, work environment and working conditions did not show any statistically significant difference with the frequency of SBS (p>0.05). Conclusion: Due to the high frequency of SBS in hospital nurses and its effects on performance and productivity, it is necessary to re-engineer the hospital environment and improve the work environment, especially ventilation of hospital wards.