تاثير هشت هفته تمريه مقاومتي درآب به همراه مكمل ياري شكلات تلخ بر تعادل سالمندان

Effect of Eight Weeks Water Resistance Training with Dark Chocolate Supplementation on the Balance of the Elderly

ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ: ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﺗﻌﺎدل در زﻧﺪﮔﯽ روزﻣﺮه ﺳﺎﻟﻤﻨﺪان ﺑﻪ وﯾﮋه در ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺧﻄﺮ اﻓﺘﺎدن آن ﻫﺎ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﻬﻤﯽ اﯾﻔﺎ ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ. از اﯾﻦ رو ﻫﺪف ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻫﺸﺖ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺘﯽ در آب ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﻣﮑﻤﻞ ﯾﺎري ﺷﮑﻼت ﺗﻠﺦ ﺑﺮ ﺗﻌﺎدل ﺳﺎﻟﻤﻨﺪان ﺑﻮد. روش ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ: در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ 38 ﺳﺎﻟﻤﻨﺪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺤﺪوده ﺳﻨﯽ 60-73 ﺳﺎل، ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﻪ ﭼﻬﺎر ﮔﺮوه ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺷﺮﮐﺖ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎن ﮔﺮوه ﻫﺎي ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺘﯽ در آب و ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺘﯽ در آب + ﺷﮑﻼت ﺗﻠﺦ، ﻫﺸﺖ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺘﯽ در آب اﻧﺠﺎم دادﻧﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﻣﺪّت ﮔﺮوه ﻫﺎي ﺷﮑﻼت ﺗﻠﺦ و ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺘﯽ در آب + ﺷﮑﻼت ﺗﻠﺦ، ﻫﺮروز 6 ﻋﺪد ﺷﮑﻼت ﺗﻠﺦ 83%، 5 ﮔﺮﻣﯽ ﻣﺼﺮف ﮐﺮدﻧﺪ وﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﻫﯿﭻ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ورزﺷﯽ و ﻣﺼﺮف ﻣﮑﻤﻞ ﻧﺪاﺷﺘﻨﺪ. ﺑﺮاي ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺗﻌﺎدل ازﺗﺴﺖ ﻟﮏ ﻟﮏ )ﻓﻼﻣﯿﻨﮕﻮ( اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ آزﻣﻮن ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﮐﻮارﯾﺎﻧﺲ )ANOVA( ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺑﯿﻦ ﭼﻬﺎر ﮔﺮوه ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري آﻣﺎري وﺟﻮد دارد. ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ داده ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار SPSS version 16 Excel و ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري )P≤0/05( اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ: ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻫﺎي ﺗﻌﺪﯾﻞ ﺷﺪه ﭘﺲ از ﺣﺬف اﺛﺮ ﻧﻤﺮات ﭘﯿﺶ آزﻣﻮن ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﮔﺮوه ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺘﯽ در آب ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻪ ﮔﺮوه دﯾﮕﺮ داراي ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮي اﺳﺖ و ﺿﻌﯿﻒ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻧﻤﺮات ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﮔﺮوه ﻫﺎي دﯾﮕﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﯿﺎن ﺷﺪه اﺳﺘﮕﺮوه ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ 18/77، ﮔﺮوه ﺷﮑﻼت 16/88، ﮔﺮوه ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﯽ )ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺘﯽ در آب+ ﺷﮑﻼت ﺗﻠﺦ( 17/24 و ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل 9/77. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ آزﻣﻮن ﺑﻨﻔﺮوﻧﯽ ﻧﺸﺎن داد، ﺑﯿﻦ ﮔﺮوه ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺘﯽ در آب و ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل )0/006=p( ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﺎداري وﺟﻮد دارد. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي: ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﯽ رﺳﺪ ﻫﺸﺖ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺘﯽ در آب و ﻣﮑﻤﻞ ﯾﺎري ﺷﮑﻼت ﺗﻠﺦ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﺗﻌﺎدل و ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ساﻟﻤﻨﺪان ﺷﻮد.

introduction: Improving balance in the daily lives of the elderly plays an important role, especially in reducing their risk of falling. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks water resistance training with dark chocolate supplementation on the balance of the elderly. Methods: In this study, 38 elderly people with an age range of 73-60 years were randomly divided into four groups. Participants in groups, included water resistance training and water resistance training + dark chocolate, performed water resistance training for eight weeks. In this period, groups of dark chocolate and water resistance training + dark chocolate, consumed 6 pieces of dark chocolate 83%, 5 gr per day, and the control group did not have any training or supplementation. The stork test (flamingo) was used to assess balance. The results of covariance analysis (ANOVA) showed that there was a statistically significant difference between the four groups. Data were evaluated using Excel and SPSS-16 (p≤ 0.05). Results: The adjusted means after eliminating the effect of pre-test scores showed that the water resistance-training group had a higher mean than the other three groups and the weakest scores belonged to the control group. The results of other groups were as followed: experimental group 18.77, chocolate group 16.88, combined group (water resistance training + dark chocolate) 17.24 and control group 9.77. The results of Benferoni test showed that there was a significant difference between the water resistance training group and the control group (p = 0.006). Conclusion: According to the results of this study, it seems that eight weeks of water resistance training and dark chocolate supplementation can improve the balance and quality of life of the elderly.