بررسي تاثيرآموزش تنفس ريتميك به شيوه بازخوردي بر اضطراب بيماران تحت عمل جراحي تمپانوپلاستي

Investigating the Effect of Rhythmic Breathing Training by Teach Back Method on Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Tympanoplasty

تمرين تنفس ريتميك با هدف كاهش اضطراب و كنترل شاخص هاي فيزيولوژيك بيماران مي تواند موجب افزايش توانايي آنها در مقابله با بيماري ها باشد. اين مطالعه با هدف تمرين تنفسي ريتميك به شيوه بازخوردي بر كاهش اضطراب بيماران تحت عمل جراحي تمپانوپلاستي انجام شد. روش ها اين مطالعه از نوع نيمه تجربي، يك گروهي است كه در سال 1397 در يكي از مراكز درماني شهر تهران انجام شد. جامعه پژوهش شامل كليه بيماران تحت عمل جراحي تمپانوپلاستي بودند. نمونه هاي واحدهاي مورد پژوهش به روش نمونه گيري تصادفي ساده با توجه به معيار ورود از بين بيماراني كه كانديد جراحي تمپانوپلاستي بودند؛ انتخاب شدند و آموزش تمرين تنفس ريتميك در دو موقعيت (شب قبل از عمل در بخش و صبح روز عمل در اتاق عمل) و سطح اضطراب بيماران نيز دردو نوبت (قبل و بعد از جراحي) اندازه گيري شد. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎي اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﺳﻨﯽ واﺣﺪﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ 43/16ﺑﺎ اﻧﺤﺮاف ﻣﻌﯿﺎر 12/16ﺑﻮد. اﮐﺜﺮ واﺣﺪﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ)60/4 درﺻﺪ( زن و ﺳﻄﺢ ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻼت اﻓﺮاد دﯾﭙﻠﻢ و ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﺑﻮد) 79 /2درﺻﺪ(. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان اﺿﻄﺮاب ﺑﯿﻤﺎران ﻗﺒﻞ و ﺑﻌﺪ از اﺟﺮاي ﺗﻨﻔﺲ رﯾﺘﻤﯿﮏ در دو ﻣﻮﻗﻌﯿﺖ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺑﺴﺘﺮي و اﺗﺎق ﻋﻤﻞ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ و ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري داﺷﺖ P<0.05 نتيجه گيري روش تنفس ريتميك به عنوان يك مداخله غيرتهاجمي، ايمن، آسان و ارزان مي تواند جهت كاهش اضطراب بيماران تحت عمل جراحي تمپانوپلاستي مورد استفاده قرار گيرد. لذا استفاده از اين روش به پرستاران جهت ارتقاء سلامت بيماران توصيه مي شود.

Rhythmic breathing exercises with the purpose of reducing anxiety and controlling patients' physiological characteristics can increase their ability to cope with illness. The purpose of this study was to perform rhythmic breathing exercises in response to the reduction of anxiety in patients undergoing tympanoplasty surgery . Methods: This semi-experimental study was a group work that was conducted in 2018 in one of the medical centers in Tehran. The study population included all patients undergoing tympanoplasty surgery. Samples of the study were selected by simple random sampling method according to the criteria of entry among patients who were candidates for tympanoplasty surgery. Rhythmic breathing training was selected in two situations (The night before the operation in the ward and the morning of the operation in the operating room) and patients' anxiety levels were measured twice (before and after surgery( Results: Based on the findings of this study, the mean age of the studied cases was 43.16 with a standard deviation of 12.16. Most of the cases were women (60.4%) and the level of education was high school graduates and higher (79.2%). The results also showed that patients' anxiety before and after rhythmic respiration decreased in the two positions of the inpatient ward and operating room and the difference was significant (P <0.05) . Conclusion: Rheumatic respiration method as a non-invasive, safe, easy and cheap intervention can be used to reduce the anxiety of patients undergoing surgery, tympanoplasty surgery. Therefore, the use of this method is recommended for nurses to improve the health of patients .