Effectiveness of Multifactorial Intervention on Observance of Physical Restraint Standards of the Patients Hospitalized in Intensive Care Units

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Background: One of the important duties of nurses is to protect patients against any injuries. In most cases, physical restraint is applied as one of the immunity tools. In cases that other actions are not possible, physical restraint seems to be one of the acceptable interventions to protect patients or personnel of the unit. Objectives: The current study aimed to assess the effectiveness of multifactorial intervention on observance of physical restraint standards of patients hospitalized in intensive care units. Patients and Methods: In this clinical trial study, 240 patients under physical restraint and hospitalized in intensive care units of Hazrat Rasool Akram hospital were studied in two control and intervention groups with convenience sampling. Observance of the physical restraint standards was first recorded with observational checklist. Then, the multifactorial intervention (education through pamphlet, installation of poster in the unit and physical restraint datasheet) was executed for one month. After that, observance of standards was recorded and compared with that of the control group. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS v.16 software with independent t-test and Chi-square test. Results: The findings showed that observance of physical restraint standards in the control group was undesirable in more than half of the patients (56.7%) and relatively desirable in the intervention group for the majority of the patients (73.3%). Result of independent t-test showed statistically significant difference in observance of standards between the control and intervention groups (P value < 0.001). Conclusions: Considering the obtained results, multifactor intervention increased the observance rate of physical restraint standards for patients hospitalized in intensive care units. As a result, it is suggested to use multifactor intervention (education to personnel, recording restraint and installing poster) to improve immunity of patients and reduce the side effects of physical restraint in intensive care units.