اثر تمرين هوازي با شدت متوسط همراه با مصرف خيار تلخ (Momordica Charantia L.) بر شاخص‌هاي انتقال معكوس كلسترول و نيمرخ ليپيدي در مردان ديابتي نوع 2

Effects of moderate-intensity exercise with Momordica charantia L. consumption on serum reverse cholesterol transport elements and lipid profile in men with type 2 diabetes

ﺳﺎﺑﻘﻪ و ﻫﺪف: اﻃﻼﻋﺎت اﭘﯿﺪﻣﯿﻮﻟﻮژي ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ اﺧﺘﻼل در اﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﻣﻌﮑﻮس ﮐﻠﺴﺘﺮول )RCT( ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺑﯿﻤﺎري ﻗﻠﺒﯽ - ﻋﺮوﻗﯽ در ﺑﯿﻤﺎران دﯾﺎﺑﺘﯽ ﻧﻮع 2 )T2DM( ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد. ﻫﺪف از ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ، ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﻫﻮازي ﺑﺎ ﺷﺪت ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺎ ﻣﺼﺮف ﺧﯿﺎر ﺗﻠﺦ ﺑﺮ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎي RCT و ﻧﯿﻤﺮخ ﻟﯿﭙﯿﺪي ﺳﺮﻣﯽ ﻣﺮدان T2DM ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻣﻮاد و روش ﻫﺎ: در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﮐﺎرآزﻣﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺎﻟﯿﻨﯽ، 36 ﻧﻔﺮ ﻣﺮد T2DM ﺑﯿﻤﺎرﺳﺘﺎن ﻟﻮﻻﮔﺮ ﺗﻬﺮان )ﺳﻦ 5/15 ± 53/08 ﺳﺎل( اﻧﺘﺨﺎب و ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﻪ ﭼﻬﺎر ﮔﺮوه )ﮐﻨﺘﺮل، ﺧﯿﺎر ﺗﻠﺦ، ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ و ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ + ﺧﯿﺎر ﺗﻠﺦ( ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﮔﺮوه ﻫﺎي ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت ﻫﺸﺖ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ، ﻫﺮ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺳﻪ ﺟﻠﺴﻪ )ﺑﺎ ﺷﺪت 40 ﺗﺎ 70 درﺻﺪ ﺿﺮﺑﺎن ﻗﻠﺐ ذﺧﯿﺮه و ﺑﻪﻣﺪت 15 ﺗﺎ 45 دﻗﯿﻘﻪ( در ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻨﯽ ﻫﻮازي ﻓﺰاﯾﻨﺪه ﺷﺮﮐﺖ ﮐﺮدﻧﺪ. ﮔﺮوه ﻫﺎي ﺧﯿﺎر ﺗﻠﺦ و ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﺧﯿﺎر ﺗﻠﺦ، 2000 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﮔﺮم ﭘﻮدر ﺧﺸﮏ ﻣﯿﻮه ﺧﯿﺎر ﺗﻠﺦ را ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت ﻫﺸﺖ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ )دو ﺑﺎر در روز ﻗﺒﻞ از ﺻﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ و ﺷﺎم( ﻣﺼﺮف ﻧﻤﻮدﻧﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان PON-1 ،Apo-E ،Apo-A1 و HDL-c در ﮔﺮوه ﻫﺎي ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري داﺷﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ 0=P=0 ،P=0/001 ،P و 0=P(. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻣﯿﺰان TG ،LDL-c و TC در ﮔﺮوه ﻫﺎي ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري داﺷﺖ )ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ 0/001=P=0/001 ،P و 0=P(. ﻣﯿﺰان Apo-E ،Apo-A1 و 1-PON در ﮔﺮوه ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ + ﺧﯿﺎر ﺗﻠﺦ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮوه ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ و ﺧﯿﺎر ﺗﻠﺦ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري داﺷﺖ )0/05≤P(. نتيجه‌گيري: تمرين هوازي و مصرف خيار تلخ با تأثير بر عوامل RCT مي‌توانند منجر به كاهش بيماري‌هاي قلبي - عروقي در افراد T2DM ‌شوند. بنابراين توصيه مي‌شود در پيشگيري و درمان T2DM از تركيب تمرين و مصرف خيار تلخ استفاده شود.

Epidemiological data indicate that defects of the reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) causes cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to examine the effects of moderate-intensity exercise with Momordica charantia L. consumption on serum reverse cholesterol transport elements and lipid profile in men with Type 2 diabetes. Materials and Methods: In this clinical trial study, 36 men with type 2 diabetes were selected from Lolagar hospital, Tehran and were randomly divided into four groups (Control, Momordica charantia, Training and Momordica charantia+Training). The training groups participated in a progressive aerobic training for eight weeks, three sessions a week (40% to 70% of the reserved heart rate and for 15 to 45 min). The groups of Control-Momordica charantia and Momordica charantia+Training were provided 2000 mg of Momordica charantia for eight weeks (Twice a day before breakfast and dinner). Results: The results showed that the Apo-A1, Apo-E, pon-1 and HDL-c in experimental groups had a significant increase compared to the control group (Respectively P=0.000, P=0.001, P=0.000 and P=0.000). Also, LDL-c, TG and TC decrease significantly in the experimental group compared to the control group. (Respectively P=0.001, P=0.001 and P=0.000). Apo-A1, Apo-E and PON-1 levels were significantly increased in Momordica charantia+Training group compared to Training and Momordica charantia groups (P≤0.05). Conclusions: Aerobic training and Momordica charantia consumption can reduce cardiovascular disease in T2DM patients by affecting RCT factors. Therefore, it is recommended to use a combination of training and Momordica charantia consumption to prevent and treat T2DM.