تاثير تمرين‌هاي قدرتي با باند كشي بر شاخص توده بدني، كيفيت زندگي و بهزيستي روانشناختي در زنان چاق

Effect of Strength Training with Elastic Band on Body Mass Index, Quality of Life and Psychological Well-being in Obese Females

زﻧﺎن ﭼﺎق از ﻧﻈﺮ ﺟﺴﻤﯽ و رواﻧﺸﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ داراي ﻣﺸﮑﻼت ﻓﺮاواﻧﯽ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ و در اﯾﻦ زﻣﯿﻨﻪ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦﻫﺎي ﻗﺪرﺗﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎﻧﺪ ﮐﺸﯽ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﮐﻤﮏ ﮐﻨﺪ. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ، ﻫﺪف ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦﻫﺎي ﻗﺪرﺗﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎﻧﺪ ﮐﺸﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺗﻮده ﺑﺪﻧﯽ، ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ و ﺑﻬﺰﯾﺴﺘﯽ رواﻧﺸﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ در زﻧﺎن ﭼﺎق ﺑﻮد. روش ﮐﺎر: اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻧﯿﻤﻪﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻃﺮح ﭘﯿﺶ و ﭘﺲآزﻣﻮن ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮوهﻫﺎي آزﻣﻮن و ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺑﻮد. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ زﻧﺎن ﭼﺎق ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﻪ ﮐﻠﯿﻨﯿﮏﻫﺎي ﺗﻐﺬﯾﻪ ﺷﻬﺮ ﻗﺮﭼﮏ در ﺳﺎل 1397 ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ از ﻣﯿﺎن آﻧﺎن 40 ﻧﻔﺮ ﺑﺎ روش در دﺳﺘﺮس اﻧﺘﺨﺎب و ﺑﺎ روش ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺳﺎده در دو ﮔﺮوه ﻣﺴﺎوي ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﻮن ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت دو ﻣﺎه )ﻫﻔﺘﻪاي ﺳﻪ ﺟﻠﺴﻪ( ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦﻫﺎي ﻗﺪرﺗﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎﻧﺪ ﮐﺸﯽ را ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﯾﮏ ﻣﺮﺑﯽ ورزش آﻣﻮزش دﯾﺪ و ﮔﺮوه ﺷﺎﻫﺪ در ﻟﯿﺴﺖ اﻧﺘﻈﺎر ﺑﺮاي آﻣﻮزش ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. دادهﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺑﺰارﻫﺎي ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺗﻮده ﺑﺪﻧﯽ و ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎي ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ و ﺑﻬﺰﯾﺴﺘﯽ رواﻧﺸﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﺟﻤﻊآوري و در ﻧﺮماﻓﺰار 18-SPSS ﺑﺎ روش ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﮐﻮوارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﭼﻨﺪﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮي ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﮔﺮوهﻫﺎي آزﻣﻮن و ﺷﺎﻫﺪ در ﻫﺮ ﺳﻪ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺗﻮده ﺑﺪﻧﯽ، ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ و ﺑﻬﺰﯾﺴﺘﯽ رواﻧﺸﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري داﺷﺘﻨﺪ. ﺑﻪ ﻋﺒﺎرت دﯾﮕﺮ، ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦﻫﺎي ﻗﺪرﺗﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎﻧﺪ ﮐﺸﯽ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺗﻮده ﺑﺪﻧﯽ )388/761 = F( و اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ )167/168 = F( و ﺑﻬﺰﯾﺴﺘﯽ رواﻧﺸﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ )175/576 = F( در زﻧﺎن ﭼﺎق ﺷﺪ )0/05 < P(. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي: ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ، ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻪ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد ﮐﻪ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﺎن ﺗﻐﺬﯾﻪ و ﻣﺮﺑﯿﺎن ﺑﺎﺷﮕﺎهﻫﺎي ورزﺷﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺗﻮده ﺑﺪﻧﯽ، ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ و ﺑﻬﺰﯾﺴﺘﯽ رواﻧﺸﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ زﻧﺎن ﭼﺎق در ﮐﻨﺎر ﺳﺎﯾﺮ روشﻫﺎ از روش ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦﻫﺎي ﻗﺪرﺗﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎﻧﺪ ﮐﺸﯽ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮐﻨﻨﺪ

Obese females have a lot of physical and psychological problems, and in this field, strength training with an elastic band can help. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the effect of strength training with elastic band on Body Mass Index, quality of life, and psychological well-being in obese females. Methods: This study was quasi-experimental with a pre and post-test design with experimental and control groups. The research population was obese females referring to nutritional clinics of Qarchak city in 2018, who, among them, 40 females were selected by the available sampling method and randomly divided into two equal groups. The experimental group received two months (three sessions a week) the strength training with the elastic band by exercise instructor and the control group placed on the waiting list for training. Data were collected by instruments of body mass index and quality of life and psychological well-being questionnaires and were analyzed in the SPSS-18 software with multivariate analysis of covariance method. Results: The findings showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in all three variables of body mass index, quality of life, and psychological well-being. In other words, the strength training with the elastic band led to a decrease in body mass index (F = 388.761) and increase the quality of life (F = 167.168) and psychological well-being (F = 175.576) in obese females (P < 0.05). Conclusions: It is recommended that nutritionists and coaches of sports clubs use from strength training with the elastic band method along with other ways to improve the body mass index, quality of life, and psychological well-being of obese females.