ايجاد فضاهاي شفابخش در بيمارستان ها با نگرش به آموزه هاي طب سنتي ايران

Creating a healing spaces in hospitals, with the attitude to the teachings of Iranian traditional medicine

ساﺑﻘﻪ ﻭ ﻫﺪﻑ: ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻥ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺩﻫﻨﺪﺓ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺘﻲ- ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻼﺕ ﻭﻳﮋﺓ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﺯﮔﺸﺖ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﺟﺴﻤﺎﻧﻲ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺍﻧـﻲ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ، ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺶ ﻫﺎﻱ ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎء ﺳﻄﺢ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺍﺳﺎﺳـﻲ ﺍﻳﻔـﺎ ﻣـﻲ ﻛﻨـﺪ. ﻣﻄﺎ ﻟﻌـﺎﺕ ﻓـﺮﺍﻭﺍﻥ ﻧﺸـﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻛـﻪ ﺣﻀـﻮﺭ ﻭ ﮔـﺬﺭﺍﻥ ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻃﻮﻻﻧﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ، ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ، ﻣﻼﻗﺎﺕ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺭﻛﻨﺎﻥ، ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ ﺍﻱ ﺗﻨﺶ ﺯﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳـﻦ ﺭﻭ ﺍﺳـﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣـﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﻣﻄـﺮﺡ ﺷـﺪﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻃـﺐ ﺳـﻨﺘﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ، ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺭﻫﻴﺎﻓﺘﻲ ﺟﻬﺖ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺗﻨﺶ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎء ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻫﺪﻑ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ، ﺗﻐﻴﻴـﺮ ﻧﮕـﺮﺵ ﺩﺭ ﻃﺮﺍﺣـﻲ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ. ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﻳﻚ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻚ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﺷﻔﺎﺑﺨﺶ ﻧﮕﺮﻳﺴﺖ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺧﺎﻧﻮﺍﺩﻩ ﻫـﺎﻳﻲ ﻛـﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﺭﻭﺣﻲ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺮﺱ ﻭ ﺍﺿﻄﺮﺍﺏ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ، ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﻛﺮﺩ. ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺵ ﻫﺎ: ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻭﺵ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺔ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ، ﺑﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺐ ﺳﻨﺘﻲ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺷـﻴﻮ ﺓ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧـﻪ ﺍﻱ، ﺗﻮﺻـﻴﻪ ﻫـﺎﻱ ﻃﺒـﻲ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺎﻛﺘﻮﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺼﺎﻟﺢ، ﻧﻮﺭ، ﺭﻧﮓ ﻭ ﺗﺼﺎﻭﻳﺮ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺳﻼﻣﺘﻲ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ، ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻣﻌﻴﺎﺭﻫـﺎﻱ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮﮔﺬﺍﺭ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎء ﺳﻼﻣﺘﻲ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺍﻥ ﺭﺍﻫﻜﺎﺭﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻳﻚ ﻓﻀﺎﻱ ﺷﻔﺎﺑﺨﺶ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﻭ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺘﻲ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﮔﻴﺮﻱ: ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻲ ﺭﺳﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺐ ﺳﻨﺘﻲ ﺑﺮ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮﮔﺬﺍﺭﻱ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﺑﺮ ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻥ، ﺗﺄﻛﻴﺪ ﻓﺮﺍﻭﺍﻧﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ؛ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑـﻪ ﺩﻻﻳﻠـﻲ ﻫﻤﭽـﻮﻥ ﺗﺤﺮﻳـﻚ ﻗـﻮﺍ ﻭ ﺣﻮﺍﺱ ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻣﺰﺍﺝ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﻭ ﻓﺮﺩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻱ ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺰﺍﺝ، ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻳﻲ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻛـﺎﺭﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳـﺪﻩ ﻫـﺎﻱ ﻃﺮﺍﺣـﻲ ﻓﻀـﺎﻫﺎﻱ ﺷـﻔﺎﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﭼﺮﺍ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﮕﻮ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺰﺍﺝ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﭘﺎﺭﺍﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺭﺗﻘﺎء ﺳـﻼﻣﺘﻲ ﺍﻓـﺮﺍﺩ ﺟﺎ ﻣﻌـﻪ ﻛـﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺭﻛـﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﺳـﻌ ﺔ ﭘﺎﻳـﺪﺍﺭ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ، ﺩﺳﺖ ﻳﺎﻓﺖ.

Background and Purpose: Hospital is one of the important buildings that offers health services and with its unique facilities plays a fundamental role in patients’ physical and mental health recovery, medical researches, and finally the promotion of community’s health. Abundant studies have shown that spending and attending long-hours in health centers is regarded as a stressful experience for patients, visitors, and staffs. Therefore, using traditional Persian medicine’s recommendations in designing of health centers can be an effective approach to decreasing environmental stresses and improving its quality. Methods and Materials: The goal of the current research is to change the attitude in designing of medical centers so that a hospital environment can be considered as a healing environment to create favorable conditions for supporting patients and their families who are in inappropriate physical and mental conditions due to fear and anxiety. Now in the present study, in order to emphasize on the use of the traditional Persian medicine’s recommendations for designing health care facilities, Traditional Medicine’s recommendations related to environmental factors, including materials, lights, colors and images for treating patients was investigated. A descriptive-analytic method which was compiled by libraries procedure was applied and after examining the criteria that influence patients’ health, solutions to create a healing climate have been provided. Results: According to the research findings, traditional medicine sources have emphasized on the effect of the environment on human’s health. This effect may be due to some reasons such as stimulation of human’s senses by environment and personchr('39')s temperament. Conclusion: Temperament based design is an appropriate way to improve public health that is the pillars of sustainable development.