مقايسة وضعيت مزاج در افراد فعال و غيرفعال

Assessment of temperament (Mizaj) in active and inactive people

ساﺑﻘﻪ ﻭ ﻫﺪﻑ: ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻧﻈﺮﻳﺎﺕ ﻃﺐ ﺳﻨﺘﻲ، ﻣﺰﺍﺝ ﻓﺮﺩ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﻩ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻴﺎﺕ ﺟﺴﻤﺎﻧﻲ، ﺭﻭﺍﻧﻲ ﻭ ﻋﺎﻃﻔﻲ ﺍﻭ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻫﺪﻑ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘـﮋﻭﻫﺶ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴـﻪ ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻣﺰﺍﺝ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻪ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﻧﺨﺒﻪ، ﻏﻴﺮﺣﺮﻓﻪ ﺍﻱ ﻭ ﻏﻴﺮﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺩﻭﻧﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺑﻮﺩ. ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺵ ﻫﺎ: ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﺸﻲ، ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺁﻣﺎﺭﻱ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻛﻠﻴﻪ ﺩﻭﻧﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻧﺨﺒﻪ ﻭ ﻏﻴﺮﺣﺮﻓﻪ ﺍﻱ ﻫﻴﺌﺖ ﺩﻭﻭﻣﻴﺪﺍﻧﻲ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﻓﺎﺭﺱ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺩﻭﻧﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ 40 ﻧﻔﺮ ﺩﻭﻧﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﺗﺼﺎﺩﻓﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺁﻣﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﺷﺪ، ﻛﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ 20 ﻧﻔﺮ ﻧﺨﺒﻪ ﻭ 20 ﻧﻔﺮ ﻏﻴﺮﺣﺮﻓﻪ ﺍﻱ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ 20 ﻧﻔﺮ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﻏﻴﺮﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺟﻬﺖ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﻭ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ ﻣﺰﺍﺟﻲ ﺑﺎ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺍﻇﻬﺎﺭﻱ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺷﺪ. ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻫﺎ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺟﻤﻊ ﺁﻭﺭﻱ ﺷﺪ. ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﺵ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺁﺯﻣﻮﻥ ﻓﺮﺽ ﺁﻣﺎﺭﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻫﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺷﺪ. ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ: ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﺰﺍﺝ ﻭ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺑﺪﻧﻲ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﻣﻌﻨﺎ ﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ )0.05 p(. ﺠﻪ ﮔﻴﺮﻱ: ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﮔﻔﺖ ﻛﻪ ﮔﺮﻡ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﻣﺰﺍﺝ ﺩﻭﻧﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﻲ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﻣﺸﺎﺭﻛﺘﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺪﻧﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ

Background and Purpose: Based on the theories of traditional medicine, body temperament can determine physical, mental and emotional characteristics. The purpose of the present study was to survey and compare temperaments in elite, amateur and inactive runners. Methods and Materials: In this descriptive survey statistical society consisted of all elite and amateur runners of the Fars Track and Field Commission. Forty runners (20 elite and 20 amateurs) were selected randomly as the sample. Twenty other inactive people were selected for comparison. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. The statistical hypothesis testing methods were used. Results: The findings of the study indicate that there is a significant relationship between temperament and physical activity level (p<0.05). There was also a direct relationship between the Choleric and Sanguine temperaments and level of physical activity in all three groups of elite and amateur runners and inactive people. There is no significant relationship between Melancholic and Phlegmatic temperaments and physical activity level (P>0.05). Conclusion: According to the present study, it can be concluded that hot temperament of runners can be an important factor in increasing their participation in physical activity.