كليدواژه :
ﮐﻮوﯾﺪ-19 , ﺑﯿﻤﺎري رواﻧﺸﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ , ﺳﻠﺎﻣﺖ روان , واﮔﯿﺮدار , ﭘﺎﻧﺪﻣﯽ
چكيده فارسي :
در ﭘﺎﯾﺎن دﺳﺎﻣﺒﺮ 2019، ﮔﺴﺘﺮش ﯾﮏ ﺑﯿﻤﺎري ﻋﻔﻮﻧﯽ ﺟﺪﯾﺪ در ﺷﻬﺮ ووﻫﺎن ﭼﯿﻦ ﮔﺰارش ﺷﺪ، ﮐﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﯾﮏ ﮐﺮوﻧﺎوﯾﺮوس ﺟﺪﯾﺪ اﯾﺠﺎد ﺷﺪه و رﺳﻤﺎ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺖ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﯽ )WHO( ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﮐﻮوﯾﺪ-19 ﻧﺎمﮔﺬاري ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﮔﺴﺘﺮش ﮐﻮوﯾﺪ-19 ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ اﻧﺘﻘﺎل آن ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮد ﺑﻮده، ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ اﯾﺠﺎد ﯾﮏ وﺿﯿﻌﺖ اورژاﻧﺲ در ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺖ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﯽ ﻃﯽ ﮐﻢﺗﺮ از ﭼﻨﺪ ﻣﺎه در ﺳﺮاﺳﺮ ﮐﺸﻮرﻫﺎي ﺟﻬﺎن ﺷﺪ. اﯾﻦ ﺑﯿﻤﺎري ﻧﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺳﺒﺐ ﻧﮕﺮاﻧﯽﻫﺎي ﺳﻠﺎﻣﺖ ﻫﻤﮕﺎﻧﯽ ﻣﯽﮔﺮدد ﺑﻠﮑﻪ ﺳﺒﺐ ﺑﺮوز ﺗﻌﺪادي از ﺑﯿﻤﺎريﻫﺎي رواﻧﺸﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد، ﮐﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ اﺿﻄﺮاب، ﺗﺮس، اﻓﺴﺮدﮔﯽ، ﺑﺮﭼﺴﺐزﻧﯽ، رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎي اﺟﺘﻨﺎﺑﯽ، ﺗﺤﺮﯾﮏﭘﺬﯾﺮي، اﺧﺘﻠﺎل ﺧﻮاب، و اﺧﺘﻠﺎل اﺳﺘﺮس ﭘﺲ از ﺳﺎﻧﺤﻪ )PTSD( ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ، ﺣﻔﻆ وﺿﯿﻌﺖ ﺳﻠﺎﻣﺖ روان اﻓﺮاد ﺿﺮوري اﺳﺖ زﯾﺮا ﻣﺮدم در ﻗﺴﻤﺖﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻣﻤﮑﻦ اﺳﺖ ﻣﺤﺮكﻫﺎي اﺳﺘﺮسزاﯾﯽ در ﻃﻮل اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ﮐﻮوﯾﺪ-19 ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﯾﻨﺪ. اﻓﺮاد در ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﯾﮏ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻣﻤﮑﻦ اﺳﺖ ﻋﻠﺎﺋﻢ رواﻧﺸﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﺑﻪ ﮐﻮوﯾﺪ-19 را در ﻃﻮل ﻓﺎز اﻓﺰاﯾﺸﯽ ﮔﺴﺘﺮش ﺑﯿﻤﺎري ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﯾﻨﺪ، ﮐﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﯿﻤﺎران ﻣﺒﺘﻠﺎ ﺑﻪ ﮐﻮوﯾﺪ-19، اﻓﺮاد ﻗﺮﻧﻄﯿﻨﻪ ﺷﺪه، ﮐﺎرﮐﻨﺎن ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺖ ﻫﺎي ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺘﯽ و اﻋﻀﺎي ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده ﮐﺎرﮐﻨﺎن ﭘﺰﺷﮑﯽ، ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن، داﻧﺸﺠﻮﯾﺎن داﻧﺸﮕﺎه، زﻧﺎن ﺣﺎﻣﻠﻪ، و ﺧﺎﻧﻮادهﻫﺎ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. در اﯾﻦ راﺳﺘﺎ، ﺷﻮاﻫﺪ ﻗﻮي وﺟﻮد دارد ﮐﻪ وﺿﯿﻌﺖ ﺳﻠﺎﻣﺖ روان اﯾﻦ اﻓﺮاد، ﻣﺴﺘﻌﺪ ﺑﺮوز ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎي اﺧﺘﻠﺎﻟﺎت رواﻧﺸﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ اﺳﺖ. از اﯾﻦ رو، اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻗﺼﺪ دارد ﺷﯿﻮع ﻋﻠﺎﺋﻢ رواﻧﺸﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ در ﺟﻤﯿﻌﺖﻫﺎي ﻣﺴﺘﻌﺪ در ﻃﻮل اﻧﺘﺸﺎر ﮐﻮوﯾﺪ-19 را اراﺋﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺪ و ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﻫﺎي ﺧﻄﺮ ﻣﺸﺎرﮐﺖ ﮐﻨﻨﺪه در ﻣﺨﺘﻞ ﮐﺮدن وﺿﯿﻌﺖ ﺳﻠﺎﻣﺖ روان اﻓﺮاد در ﭘﺎﻧﺪﻣﯽ ﮐﻮوﯾﺪ-19 را ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺪ.
چكيده لاتين :
From the end of December 2019, outbreak of a novel viral disease was reported in Wuhan city of China, which was caused by a novel coronavirus and was officially named as COVID-19 by World Health Organization (WHO). The outbreak of COVID-19 was unique in its rapidity of transmission, which has become a global health emergency within just a few months in all countries worldwide. This disease will not only raise public health concerns but also cause several forms of psychological distress, including anxiety, fear, depression, stigmatization, avoidance behaviors, irritability, insomnia, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). In this situation, the maintenance of mental health of individuals is very important because people in different parts of society may experience additional stressors during the COVID-19 outbreak. Individuals in different parts of a society may experience the psychological symptoms to COVID-19 during the rising phase of the outbreak, including patients of COVID-19, quarantine individuals, health care workers and family members of medical staffs, children, university students, pregnant women, and families. In this regard, there is the strong evidence that the mental health status of these populations is vulnerable to psychological disorders.
