تأثير برنامه تمريني حركات عملكردي بر نمرات آزمون غربالگري حركت عملكردي و فاكتورهاي منتخب آمادگي جسماني مردان نظامي فعال مستعد آسيب ديدگي

Effects of Functional Movement Training Program on Functional Movement Screening Scores and Selected Physical Fitness Factors in Active Injury-Prone Military Men

زﻣﯿﻨﻪ و ﻫﺪف: اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻏﺮﺑﺎﻟﮕﺮي ﺣﺮﮐﺖ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮدي )Functional Movement Screening ﯾﺎ FMS( ﮐﻪ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﻬﻤﯽ را در ﭘﯿﺶﺑﯿﻨﯽ آﺳﯿﺐﻫﺎي ورزﺷﯽ اﯾﻔﺎ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ، ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺑﺴﯿﺎري از ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﺎن ورزﺷﯽ در ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎي ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻨﯽ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻫﺪف از اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻨﯽ ﺣﺮﮐﺎت ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮدي ﺑﺮ ﻧﻤﺮات آزﻣﻮن ﻏﺮﺑﺎﻟﮕﺮي ﺣﺮﮐﺖ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮدي و ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﺘﺨﺐ آﻣﺎدﮔﯽ ﺟﺴﻤﺎﻧﯽ ﻣﺮدان ﻧﻈﺎﻣﯽ ﻓﻌﺎل ﻣﺴﺘﻌﺪ آﺳﯿﺐدﯾﺪﮔﯽ ﺑﻮد. روشﻫﺎ: 38 ﻣﺮد ﻧﻈﺎﻣﯽ ﻓﻌﺎل ﻣﺴﺘﻌﺪ آﺳﯿﺐدﯾﺪﮔﯽ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس آزﻣﻮن ﻏﺮﺑﺎﻟﮕﺮي ﺣﺮﮐﺖ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮدي و ﻓﺎﻗﺪ ﻫﺮﮔﻮﻧﻪ آﺳﯿﺐ، ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت در دﺳﺘﺮس و ﻫﺪﻓﻤﻨﺪ ﺑﻪ دو ﮔﺮوه ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ )18 ﻧﻔﺮ( و ﮐﻨﺘﺮل )20 ﻧﻔﺮ( ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. FMS ﺑﻪ وﺳﯿﻠﻪ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ آزﻣﻮنﻫﺎي ﻏﺮﺑﺎﻟﮕﺮي ﺣﺮﮐﺖ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮدي و ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﻫﺎي اﻧﻌﻄﺎفﭘﺬﯾﺮي از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ آزﻣﻮن ﻧﺸﺴﺘﻦ و رﺳﯿﺪن ﺑﻪ ﺟﻠﻮ، ﺗﻌﺎدل ﭘﻮﯾﺎ ﺑﺎ آزﻣﻮن ﺗﻌﺎدﻟﯽ ﺗﻌﺪﯾﻞ ﺷﺪه Y و ﺗﻮان اﻧﻔﺠﺎري ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از آزﻣﻮن ﭘﺮش ﺳﺎرﺟﻨﺖ ﻣﻮرد ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﮔﺮوه ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ ﻫﺸﺖ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻨﯽ ﺣﺮﮐﺎت ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮدي را اﺟﺮا ﮐﺮدﻧﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: در ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﻧﻤﺮات ﮐﻠﯽ FMS ﺑﯿﻦ ﮔﺮوهﻫﺎي ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ و ﮐﻨﺘﺮل اﺧﺘﻠﺎف ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ )P<0/05 و اﻧﺪازه اﺛﺮ= 0/64(. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري در ﻧﻤﺮات ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﻫﺎي اﻧﻌﻄﺎفﭘﺬﯾﺮي )P<0/05 و اﻧﺪازه اﺛﺮ=0/87(، ﺗﻌﺎدل ﭘﻮﯾﺎ )P<0/05 و اﻧﺪازه اﺛﺮ=0/78( و ﺗﻮان اﻧﻔﺠﺎري )P<0/05 و اﻧﺪازه اﺛﺮ=0/68( ﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪﮔﯿﺮي: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ اﺟﺮاي ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻨﯽ ﺣﺮﮐﺎت ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮدي ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻧﻤﺮات آزﻣﻮن ﻏﺮﺑﺎﻟﮕﺮي ﺣﺮﮐﺖ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮدي و آﻣﺎدﮔﯽ ﺟﺴﻤﺎﻧﯽ ﻣﺮدان ﻧﻈﺎﻣﯽ ﻓﻌﺎل ﺷﻮد. از اﯾﻦ رو، ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﯽرﺳﺪ اﯾﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻨﯽ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ اﺣﺘﻤﺎل ﺑﺮوز آﺳﯿﺐدﯾﺪﮔﯽ را در اﻓﺮاد ﻣﺴﺘﻌﺪ آﺳﯿﺐ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ دﻫﺪ.

Background and Aim: Functional Movement Screening (FMS) which plays an important role in predicting sports injuries, has been recommended by many sports experts in designing exercise programs. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of functional movement training program on functional movement screening scores and selected physical fitness factors in active military men. Methods: Thirty eight active injury-prone military men were divided into experimental (n=18) and control (n=20) groups based on functional movement screening and without any injury using the convenience and purposive method. Functional movement Screening (FMS) was evaluated by a set of FMS and flexibility tests through sit and Reach test; Dynamic Balance was evaluated by Y-Balance Test (YBT); and the explosive power by the Sargentchr('39')s jump test. The experimental group performed the functional movement training program for eight weeks. Results: The comparison of total FMS score indicated a significant difference (P<0.05 and effect size=0.64) between experimental and control groups. There was also a significant improvement in the scores of flexibility (p<0.05 and effect size=0.87), dynamic balance (p<0.05 and effect size=0.78) and explosive power (p<0.05 and effect size=0.68). Conclusion: According to results, the functional movement training program could increase scores of functional movement screening and physical fitness in active military men. Therefore, it seems that this training program can reduce the risk of injury in injury-prone individuals.