رابطه رفتارهاي خودجرحي غيرخودكشي‌گرا با درد ذهني در سربازانِ محيط‌هاي نظامي: نقش ميانجي شفقت به خود

Relationship of non-suicidal self-injury behaviors with mental pain in soldiers: The Mediating Role of Self-Compassion

زﻣﯿﻨﻪ و ﻫﺪف: رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎي ﺧﻮد ﺟﺮﺣﯽ ﻏﯿﺮﺧﻮدﮐﺸﯽﮔﺮا در ﻣﺤﯿﻂﻫﺎي ﻧﻈﺎﻣﯽ ﺑﻪ وﯾﮋه در ﺳﺮﺑﺎزان ﺷﯿﻮع ﺑﺎﻟﺎﯾﯽ دارد و ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻧﮕﺮاﻧﯽﻫﺎي اﺻﻠﯽ ﺳﻠﺎﻣﺖ رواﻧﯽ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﺠﯽ ﺷﻔﻘﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮد در راﺑﻄﻪ ﺑﯿﻦ درد ذﻫﻨﯽ و رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎي ﺧﻮدﺟﺮﺣﯽ ﻏﯿﺮﺧﻮدﮐﺸﯽﮔﺮا در ﺳﺮﺑﺎزان اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. روشﻫﺎ: روش ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ از ﻧﻮع ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ اﻟﮕﻮﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻣﺪل ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺎت ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎري ﺑﻮد. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺳﺮﺑﺎزان ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﻪ درﻣﺎﻧﮕﺎه رواﻧﺸﻨﺎﺳﯽ و رواﻧﭙﺰﺷﮑﯽ ﯾﮏ ﺑﯿﻤﺎرﺳﺘﺎن ﻧﻈﺎﻣﯽ در ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﻬﺮان در ﺑﯿﻦ ﺳﺎلﻫﺎي 1397-1396 اﺳﺖ. از ﺑﯿﻦ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري ﻓﻮق، ﺗﻌﺪاد 207 ﺳﺮﺑﺎز ﺑﻪ روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي ﻏﯿﺮﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ در دﺳﺘﺮس اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺷﺮﮐﺖﮐﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎن ﭘﺮﺳﺶﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺧﻮد آﺳﯿﺒﯽ ﻋﻤﺪي و ﻣﻘﯿﺎسﻫﺎي درد ذﻫﻨﯽ و ﺷﻔﻘﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮد را ﺗﮑﻤﯿﻞ ﮐﺮدﻧﺪ. دادهﻫﺎي ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه، ﺑﺎ آزﻣﻮنﻫﺎي ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﭘﯿﺮﺳﻮن و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﺴﯿﺮ از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﻣﺪل ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺎت ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎري ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻧﺴﺨﻪ 20 ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار SPSS و 8.80-Liserl ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺷﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎي ﺧﻮد ﺟﺮﺣﯽ ﻏﯿﺮﺧﻮدﮐﺸﯽﮔﺮا ﺑﺎ ﻧﻤﺮه ﮐﻠﯽ درد ذﻫﻨﯽ )p<0/001 ،r=0/30(، راﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ و ﻣﻌﻨﯽدار دارد و ﺑﺎ ﺷﻔﻘﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮد )0/31-p<0/001 ،r=(، راﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﻨﻔﯽ و ﻣﻌﻨﯽدار دارد. ﺷﻔﻘﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮد ﺑﺎ درد ذﻫﻨﯽ )0/56-p<0/001 ،r=(، راﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﻨﻔﯽ و ﻣﻌﻨﯽدار دارد. ﻋﻠﺎوه ﺑﺮ اﯾﻦ، ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﺴﯿﺮ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺷﻔﻘﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮد ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﺠﯽ را در راﺑﻄﻪ درد ذﻫﻨﯽ و رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎي ﺧﻮدﺟﺮﺣﯽ ﻏﯿﺮﺧﻮدﮐﺸﯽﮔﺮا اﯾﻔﺎ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪﮔﯿﺮي: ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻣﯽﺗﻮان ﮔﻔﺖ ﺷﻔﻘﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮد ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺖ ﮐﻨﻨﺪه در ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ اﺛﺮات ﻣﻨﻔﯽ درد ذﻫﻨﯽ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ اﯾﻦ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ را ﻣﯽﺗﻮان در ﺗﺪوﯾﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎي ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮي و درﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﺮاي رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎي ﺧﻮدﺟﺮﺣﯽ ﻏﯿﺮ ﺧﻮدﮐﺸﯽﮔﺮاي ﺳﺮﺑﺎزان در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ.

Background and Aim: Non-suicidal self-harm behaviors are prevalent in military settings, especially among soldiers, and are a major mental health concern. Thus, the aim of the current study was to examine the mediating role of self-compassion in the relationship of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) with mental pain. Methods: The research method was descriptive-correlational through structural equation modeling. The study population consisted of all soldiers, referring to the psychiatric and psychology section of a military hospital in Tehran, Iran in 2018-2019. 207 soldiers were selected by convenience sampling from this population. Participants completed the questionnaire of Deliberate Self-Harm and scales of mental pain and self-compassion. Data was analyzed via Pearson correlation coefficient and the path analysis of structural equation modeling with using SPSS-20 and Lisrel-8.80. Results: NNSI have significant positive correlations with mental pain (r=0.30; p<0.001), and self-compassion (r=-0.31; p<0.001). There was a significant negative relationship between self-compassion and mental pain (r=-0.56; p<0.001). Moreover, the results of path analysis showed that self-compassion played a mediating role in the relationship of NSSI with mental pain. Conclusion: Based on the current findings, self-compassion can serve as a protective factor against mental pain. Thus, this factor can be considered in the formulation of prevention and treatment programs for non-suicidal self-injury behaviors in soldiers.