مروري بر ويژگي هاي ژنومي كرونا ويروس جديد ) 2019-nCoV ( و چشم اندازهاي پيش رو در پاتوژنز و درمان عفونت كوويد19

An Overview on the Genomic Characteristics of the New Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) and the Prospective in Pathogenesis and Treatment of COVID-19 Infection

ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ: ﺷﯿﻮع ﺑﯿﻤﺎري 2019-COVID-19) Coronavirus disease( ﻧﺎﺷﯽ از وﯾﺮوس Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 )2-SARS-COV( دﺳﺘﻪ ي ﮐﺮوﻧﺎوﯾﺮوس ﻫﺎ ﻣﻮﺳﻮم ﺑﻪ nCoV-2019، از اواﺧﺮ ﺳﺎل 2019 ﻣﯿﻼدي در ﭼﯿﻦ و در ﭘﯽ آن در دﯾﮕﺮ ﮐﺸﻮرﻫﺎ، ﻫﻨﻮز ﻣﻮﺿﻮع اﺻﻠﯽ و ﻣﻮرد ﺗﻮﺟﻪ در ﻫﻤﻪ ي ﻣﺠﺎﻣﻊ ﻋﻠﻤﯽ و اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ دﻧﯿﺎ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮﻇﻬﻮر ﺑﻮدن اﯾﻦ وﯾﺮوس، ﮐﺴﺐ اﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﯽ درﻣﻮرد ﺗﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﯾﺎ ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻫﺎي آن ﺑﺎ ﺳﺎﯾﺮ وﯾﺮوس ﻫﺎي اﯾﻦ ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده، وﯾﮋﮔﯽ ﻫﺎي ژﻧﺘﯿﮏ، ﭼﺮﺧﻪ ي ﺑﯿﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ و ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﯽ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﭘﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ آن، ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﮐﻤﮏ ﺷﺎﯾﺎﻧﯽ در اﺗﺨﺎذ راﻫﺒﺮدﻫﺎي دﻗﯿﻖ ﺗﺮ و ﺑﺎزدﻫﯽ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ در ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ، ﮐﻨﺘﺮل و درﻣﺎن ﺑﯿﻤﺎري ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از آن داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. روش ﻫﺎ: در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ي ﻣﺮوري ﻧﻘﻠﯽ، ﺗﻼش ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ ﺑﺎ ﺟﻤﻊ ﺑﻨﺪي ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺮي از ﮔﺰارش ﻫﺎي ﻣﺘﻌﺪد ﻋﻠﻤﯽ از دﺳﺎﻣﺒﺮ 2019 ﺗﺎ آﭘﺮﯾﻞ 2020 در زﻣﯿﻨﻪ ي ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت وﯾﺮوس، وﯾﮋﮔﯽ ﻫﺎي ژﻧﻮم آن و ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺷﻮاﻫﺪ ﻋﻠﻤﯽ از ﭘﯿﺶ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در زﻣﯿﻨﻪ ي ﮐﺮوﻧﺎوﯾﺮوس ﻫﺎ، راﻫﮑﺎرﻫﺎي ﭘﯿﺶ رو در ﭘﺎﺗﻮژﻧﺰ، درﻣﺎن و ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ و ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ واﮐﺴﻦ ﻋﻠﯿﻪ آن اراﯾﻪ ﺷﻮد. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ: واﮐﺎوي و ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ي ژﻧﻮم ﮐﺮوﻧﺎوﯾﺮوس ﺟﺪﯾﺪ ﺑﺎ دﯾﮕﺮ اﻋﻀﺎي اﯾﻦ ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده، ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه ي ﺷﺒﺎﻫﺖ زﯾﺎد ﺑﺨﺶ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ژﻧﻮم ﺑﺎ اﻧﻮاع ﺑﯿﻤﺎري زاي ﻗﺒﻠﯽ SARS و )MERS (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ و ﻣﻨﺸﺄﮔﯿﺮي آن از ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻣﯿﺰﺑﺎن ﺧﻔﺎش را ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي: ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﺿﻄﺮار ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ و ﻣﻌﺮﻓﯽ راﻫﮑﺎرﻫﺎي درﻣﺎﻧﯽ و ﭘﯿﺶ ﮔﯿﺮاﻧﻪ در ﭘﺎﻧﺪﻣﯽ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ، ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯿﺴﻢ ﻫﺎي ﻣﻮﻟﮑﻮﻟﯽ درﮔﯿﺮ در ﺗﮑﺜﯿﺮ و ﻋﻔﻮﻧﺖ زاﯾﯽ وﯾﺮوس ﺑﺮ ﭘﺎﯾﻪ ي ﺷﺒﺎﻫﺖ ژﻧﻮم آن ﺑﺎ دﯾﮕﺮ ﻫﻢ ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده ﻫﺎي ﮐﺮوﻧﺎ وﯾﺮوﺳﯽ و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ، وﯾﺮوس ﻫﺎي دﯾﮕﺮ، اﻣﮑﺎن ﭘﯿﺶ ﺑﯿﻨﯽ راﻫﺒﺮدﻫﺎي ﻓﻮري و اﻣﯿﺪﺑﺨﺶ را در ﻣﻮاﺟﻬﻪ ﺑﺎ وﯾﺮوس ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ ﻣﯽ آورد

Background: Emergence of Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) infection (coronavirus disease-2019 or COVID-19) in China since late 2019 and its global distribution has attracted a big international attention. As 2019-nCov is an emerging pathogen, extending our knowledge about the similarities/differences of this virus with other members of the Coronaviridae family, its genetic characteristics, and pathogenesis could be beneficial to develop better strategies of diagnosis, control, and treatment. This pandemic disease is still so new to be fully identified, and there is a long way ahead for complete characterization of SARS-COV-2 and its disease. Methods: In this study, we investigated the most recent publications from December 2019 to April 2020 on general and genetic features of SARS-COV-2, evaluating the results with primarily approved data about coronaviruses. Findings: Genetic analysis of SARS-CoV-2 comparing with primarily introduced species indicated high similarity with SARS and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) indicating bat source of the emergence. Conclusion: Approving the molecular biologic and pathologic similarities between SARS-CoV-2 and previously studied viruses provides prospective for pathogenesis, therapeutics, and development of vaccines, which is more valuable in emergencies of this new pandemic infection