اثربخشي درمان شفقت محور ( CFT ) بر استرس ادراك شده ي بيماران مبتلا به سندرم روده ي تحريك پذير : يك مطالعه ي تجربي

The Effectiveness of Compassion-Focused Therapy (CFT) on Perceived Stress in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome; An Experimental Study

ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ: ﺳﻨﺪرم روده ي ﺗﺤﺮﯾﮏ ﭘﺬﯾﺮ، ﯾﮑﯽ از ﺷﺎﯾﻊ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ اﺧﺘﻼﻻت ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮدي ﮔﻮارش اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ اﺳﺘﺮس، ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﺤﻮري در آن دارد. ﻫﺪف از اﻧﺠﺎم ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ، ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮﺑﺨﺸﯽ درﻣﺎن ﺷﻔﻘﺖ ﻣﺤﻮر )Compassion-focused therapy ﯾﺎ CFT( ﺑﺮ اﺳﺘﺮس ادراك ﺷﺪه ي ﺑﯿﻤﺎران ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻨﺪرم روده ي ﺗﺤﺮﯾﮏ ﭘﺬﯾﺮ ﺑﻮد. روش ﻫﺎ: اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﯾﮏ ﻃﺮح ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﯽ آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ از ﻧﻮع ﭘﯿﺶ آزﻣﻮن- ﭘﺲ آزﻣﻮن ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮوه ﻣﻮرد و ﺷﺎﻫﺪ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ي آﻣﺎري ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﮐﻠﯿﻪ ي ﺑﯿﻤﺎران ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻨﺪرم روده ي ﺗﺤﺮﯾﮏ ﭘﺬﯾﺮ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﺑﻪ ﻣﻄﺐ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﺎن ﮔﻮارش و درﻣﺎﻧﮕﺎه اﺧﺘﻼﻻت ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮدي ﮔﻮارش، ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت روان ﺗﻨﯽ اﺻﻔﻬﺎن ﺑﻮد. ﺗﻌﺪاد 30 ﻧﻔﺮ ﺑﻪ روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي در دﺳﺘﺮس از ﺑﯿﻤﺎران ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻨﺪرم روده ي ﺗﺤﺮﯾﮏ ﭘﺬﯾﺮ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ و ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ در دو ﮔﺮوه ﻣﻮرد و ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﮔﺮوه ﻣﻮرد، 8 ﺟﻠﺴﻪ ي 90 دﻗﯿﻘﻪ اي درﻣﺎن ﺷﻔﻘﺖ ﻣﺤﻮر Gilbert را درﯾﺎﻓﺖ ﮐﺮدﻧﺪ و ﮔﺮوه ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺗﺤﺖ درﻣﺎن داروﯾﯽ ﻣﻌﻤﻮل ﮔﻮارش ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﺟﻬﺖ اﻧﺪازه ﮔﯿﺮي اﺳﺘﺮس ادراك ﺷﺪه، از ﻣﻘﯿﺎس اﺳﺘﺮس ادراك Perceived stress scale-14 items) Cohen ﯾﺎ 14-PSS( اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. داده ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار SPSS و ﺑﺎ روش ANCOVA ﺗﮏ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮي و ﭼﻨﺪ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮي ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ: درﻣﺎن ﺷﻔﻘﺖ ﻣﺤﻮر ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺎ دارو، ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ درﻣﺎن داروﯾﯽ ﺻﺮف، داراي اﺛﺮﺑﺨﺸﯽ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮي ﺑﺮ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ اﺳﺘﺮس ادراك ﺷﺪه ي ﺑﯿﻤﺎران ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻨﺪرم روده ي ﺗﺤﺮﯾﮏ ﭘﺬﯾﺮ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ و اﯾﻦ ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار اﺳﺖ )0/010 < F = 5/031 ،P(. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي: از ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ ي درﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﺷﻔﻘﺖ ﻣﺤﻮر ﺟﻬﺖ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ اﺳﺘﺮس ادراك ﺷﺪه در ﺑﯿﻤﺎران ﺳﻨﺪرم روده ي ﺗﺤﺮﯾﮏ ﭘﺬﯾﺮ در ﺷﻬﺮ اﺻﻔﻬﺎن، ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮان اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻧﻤﻮد و اﯾﻦ راﻫﮑﺎر درﻣﺎﻧﯽ، ﺑﺮاي ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ اﯾﺮاﻧﯽ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺗﻮﺟﯿﻪ ﭘﺬﯾﺮ اﺳﺖ

Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of the most common functional gastrointestinal disorders in which stress plays a central role. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of compassion-focused therapy (CFT) on severity of perceived stress in patients with IBS. Methods: The research was performed in the form of a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design with control and experimental groups. Statistical population included all patients with IBS referred to the functional Gastroenterology Clinic of Psychosomatic Research Center of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran, in 2016. Based on the research purpose, 30 patients with IBS were selected through available sampling method, and then randomly divided into two equal experimental and control groups. CFT were held for the experimental group in 8 sessions that any session consisted of 90 minutes. Patients in control group were in waiting list, and they only received routine medical treatment. In order to assess perceived severity of stress, Cohen Perceived Stress Scale-14 items (PSS 14) was used. Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) method via SPSS software. Findings: CFT with medication had more effect on perceived stress reduction in patients with IBS than mere drug treatment (F =5.031; P < 0.01). Conclusion: CFT can be used to reduce perceived stress in patients with IBS, and this approach is justified for the Iranian population.