شناسايي عوامل مرتبط با وحدت حوزه و دانشگاه (رويكردي آميخته)

Identifying Factors Related to the Unity of the Seminary and the University (Mixed Approach)

ﭼﮑﯿﺪه ﻫﺪف اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﺸﮑﻼت ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺣﻮزه و داﻧﺸﮕﺎه و اراﺋﻪ راﻫﮑﺎرﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ اﺳﺖ. در اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ از روش ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﯽ ﻣﺘﻮاﻟﯽ اﮐﺘﺸﺎﻓﯽ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. در ﺑﺨﺶ ﮐﻤﯽ از ﻧﻈﺮﯾﻪ ﺑﺮﺧﺎﺳﺘﻪ از داده ﻫﺎ و در ﺑﺨﺶ ﮐﯿﻔﯽ از روش ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ ﭘﯿﻤﺎﯾﺸﯽ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. اﺑﺰار ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ، ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﻧﯿﻤﻪ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎرﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ و در ﺑﺨﺶ ﮐﯿﻔﯽ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺤﻘﻖ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. در ﺑﺨﺶ ﮐﯿﻔﯽ از روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي ﻫﺪﻓﻤﻨﺪ، اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎ در ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس اﺻﻞ اﺷﺒﺎع ﻧﻈﺮي 20 ﻧﻔﺮ ﺑﻮد وﻟﯽ ﺑﺮاي اﻃﻤﯿﻨﺎن ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ از ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﺗﺎ ﻧﻔﺮ ﺑﯿﺴﺖ و ﭘﻨﺠﻢ اداﻣﻪ ﭘﯿﺪا ﮐﺮد و اﻋﺘﺒﺎر ﯾﺎﺑﯽ از روش ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ ﺑﺎورﭘﺬﯾﺮي، ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ اﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﭘﺬﯾﺮي، ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ اﻃﻤﯿﻨﺎن ﭘﺬﯾﺮي و ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ ﺗﺄﯾﯿﺪ ﭘﺬﯾﺮي اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. در ﺑﺨﺶ ﮐﻤﯽ از روش ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ اي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده و ﺑﺮاي رواﯾﯽ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻧﯿﺰ از روش ﻣﺤﺘﻮاﯾﯽ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ و آﻟﻔﺎي ﮐﺮاﻧﺒﺎخ ﮐﻠﯽ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ 0/91 ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎي اﺳﺎﺳﯽ ﻣﺸﮑﻞ ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺑﯿﻦ ﺣﻮزه و داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻌﺎرض، ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺖ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ و ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ و ﻧﮕﺮش ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ در ﺑﺨﺶ ﮐﻤﯽ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ از دﯾﺪ ﺣﻮزوﯾﺎن و داﻧﺸﮕﺎه، ﻣﻮﻟﻔﮥ ﺗﻌﺎرض ﻣﻬﻢ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺸﮑﻼت ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﯿﻦ ﺣﻮزه و داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻣﻬﻢ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ اﯾﺠﺎد ﻣﺸﮑﻼت ﺑﯿﻦ ﺣﻮزه و داﻧﺸﮕﺎه از ﻧﻈﺮ ﺣﻮزوﯾﺎن، ﻧﻔﻮذ دﺷﻤﻦ در داﻧﺸﮕﺎه و ﺣﻮزه و ﺗﻼش ﺑﺮ اﯾﺠﺎد ﺗﻔﺮﻗﻪ ﺑﯿﻦ دو ﻗﺸﺮ و از دﯾﺪ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه، ﮐﻤﺒﻮد ﻓﻀﺎي ﻫﻢ اﻧﺪﯾﺸﯽ و ﻋﺪم آﺷﻨﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺑﯿﻨﺶ ﻫﺎ و ﻧﮕﺮش ﻫﺎي ﮑﺪﯾﮕﺮ ﺑﯿﺎن ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ.

The aim of this study was to identify the problems of seminary and university communication and provide appropriate solutions. In this research, sequential exploratory combined research method has been used. In a quantitative part of the theory derived from the data and in the qualitative part, descriptive survey method has been used. The research instrument was semi-structured interview and a researcher-made questionnaire was made in the qualitative section. Purposive sampling method was used in the qualitative section. The number of samples in this study was 20 based on the principle of theoretical saturation, but to ensure more than the results of the interview, up to 25 people continued and validation was done through believability, transferability, reliability and verifiability. In a quantitative part, stratified random sampling was used and content method was used for validity of the questionnaire and Cronbach's alpha was calculated to be 0.91. The findings show that the main components of the problem are the relationship between the seminary and the university including conflict, epistemology, cognition and attitude. Also, the findings in the quantitative section show that from the perspective of the seminarians and the university, conflict is the most important cause of the problems of interaction between the seminary and the university. The most important factor in creating problems between the seminary and the university has been expressed from the perspective of the seminarians, the influence of the enemy in the university and the seminary, and the attempt to create divisions between the two groups and from the university's point of view, the lack of an atmosphere of convergence and lack of familiarity with each other's insights and attitudes.