بررسي جامعه شناختي آسيب‌ها و انحرافات حاشيه نشيني در استان چهارمحال و بختياري

Sociological study of damages and deviations of marginalization in Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari Province

ﺑﺮآﯾﻨﺪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪاي واﺑﺴﺘﻪ و ﭘﯿﺪاﯾﺶ ﺷﮑﺎف ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺗﯽ ﻣﯿﺎن ﺷﻬﺮ و روﺳﺘﺎ، ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﻇﻬﻮر ﮔﺮوهﻫﺎي ﺣﺎﺷﯿﻪ ﻧﺸﯿﻦ ﺷﻬﺮي اﺳﺖ. زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﺣﺎﺷﯿﻪ ﻧﺸﯿﻨﯽ و ﮐﻨﺶ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑﻞ اﻋﻀﺎي آنﻫﺎ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﺎ ﯾﮏدﯾﮕﺮ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﻪ وﺟﻮد آورﻧﺪهي ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﺧﺎﺻﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺗﻔﺎوت دارد. اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ آﺳﯿﺐﻫﺎ و اﻧﺤﺮاﻓﺎت ﺣﺎﺷﯿﻪ ﻧﺸﯿﻨﯽ در اﺳﺘﺎن ﭼﻬﺎرﻣﺤﺎل و ﺑﺨﺘﯿﺎري ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺳﻌﯽ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎ روﯾﮑﺮدي ﺗﻠﻔﯿﻘﯽ و ﺑﺎ ﮐﻤﮏ ﻧﻈﺮﯾﻪﻫﺎي ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ، ﻓﻘﺮ و ﺗﻠﻪ ﻣﺤﺮوﻣﯿﺖ ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺎت اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي- اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ و ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ را رﺻﺪ ﮐﺮده و ﺳﭙﺲ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻧﻈﺮﯾﻪ ﻓﺸﺎر ﺑﻪ رﯾﺸﻪﯾﺎﺑﯽ آﺳﯿﺐﻫﺎي اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪي آﻣﺎري ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻈﺮ دﺳﺖ ﭘﯿﺪا ﮐﻨﯿﻢ. ﺑﺮ اﯾﻦ اﺳﺎس، ﺑﺎ روش ﭘﯿﻤﺎﯾﺸﯽ و ﺗﮑﻨﯿﮏ ﭘﺮﺳﺶﻧﺎﻣﻪ و روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮي ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ، ﯾﮏ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪي 369 ﻧﻔﺮي اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪ. ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ اﻋﺘﺒﺎر، ﺗﻌﺪاد380 ﭘﺮﺳﺶﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺗﻮزﯾﻊ ﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ در ﭘﺎﯾﺎن 370 ﭘﺮﺳﺶﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﻓﻘﺮ و ﺗﻠﻪ ﻣﺤﺮوﻣﯿﺖ )و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ اﺑﻌﺎد آن( ﺑﺎ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ واﺑﺴﺘﻪ )ﻓﺸﺎر( راﺑﻄﻪي ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار ﻗﻮي دارﻧﺪ و ﻓﺮﺿﯿﻪﻫﺎي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ اﺛﺒﺎت ﺷﺪهاﻧﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ در ﻣﯿﺎن اﺑﻌﺎد ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﻓﻘﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺗﻘﺪﯾﺮﮔﺮاﯾﯽ، ﺑﯿﮕﺎﻧﮕﯽ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ، ﻋﺪم ﺳﺮزﻧﺶ ﻓﻘﺮ، ﻣﺼﺮف ﮔﺮاﯾﯽ و ﻋﺪم آﯾﻨﺪه ﻧﮕﺮي ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ راﺑﻄﻪ را ﺑﺎ ﻣﻔﻬﻮم ﻓﺸﺎر دارﻧﺪ. در ﻣﯿﺎن اﺑﻌﺎد ﺗﻠﻪ ﻣﺤﺮوﻣﯿﺖ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺿﻌﻒ ﺟﺴﻤﺎﻧﯽ، آﺳﯿﺐ ﭘﺬﯾﺮي، ﺑﯽ ﻗﺪرﺗﯽ، ﻓﻘﺮ و اﻧﺰوا ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ راﺑﻄﻪ را ﺑﺎ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ واﺑﺴﺘﻪي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ دارﻧﺪ.

The result of the dependent development function is the emergence of a class divide between the city and the countryside and consequently the emergence of urban suburbs. Marginalization and the interactions of their members also contribute to the creation of a particular culture that differs from that of the middle class. This study investigates the sociological damages and deviations of marginalization in Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari province. In this study, we tried to observe the socioeconomic and cultural co-ordinates of poverty and trap deprivation through a combined approach based on theories of poverty culture and then by applying pressure theory to the rooting of social socio-economic damage. Let us reach the target. Accordingly, a sample of 369 people were selected through survey and questionnaire survey and random sampling technique and 380 questionnaires were distributed to increase the validity of which 370 questionnaires were evaluated. Findings show that poverty and deprivation cultures (as well as their dimensions) have a strong significant relationship with the dependent variable (pressure) and the research hypotheses have been substantiated. Findings show that among the dimensions of poverty culture, respectively, socialism, social alienation, non-blame, poverty and consumerism have the most relationship with the concept of pressure. Among the dimensions of deprivation trap, physical weakness, vulnerability, powerlessness, poverty and isolation have the highest relationship with the dependent variable of research, respectively.