بررسي فراواني و علل خوددرماني در دانشجويان پيراپزشكي دانشگاه علوم پزشكي رفسنجان در سال 1398

Frequency and Causes of Self-Medication among Paramedical Students of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences in 2019

ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ: ﺧﻮددرﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﯾﮏ ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺘﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺷﯿﻮع آن در ﺣﺎل اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ اﺳﺖ و ﺳﻼﻣﺖ اﻓﺮاد ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ وﯾﮋه ﺟﻮاﻧﺎن را ﺗﻬﺪﯾﺪ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ. ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﻓﺮاواﻧﯽ و ﻋﻠﻞ ﺧﻮددرﻣﺎﻧﯽ در داﻧﺸﺠﻮﯾﺎن ﭘﯿﺮاﭘﺰﺷﮑﯽ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻋﻠﻮم ﭘﺰﺷﮑﯽ رﻓﺴﻨﺠﺎن در ﺳﺎل 1398 اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. روش ﮐﺎر: ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ ﺑﺮ روي 296 ﻧﻔﺮ از داﻧﺸﺠﻮﯾﺎن ﭘﯿﺮاﭘﺰﺷﮑﯽ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻋﻠﻮم ﭘﺰﺷﮑﯽ رﻓﺴﻨﺠﺎن، اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﺳﺮﺷﻤﺎري اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪاي ﻣﺸﺘﻤﻞ ﺑﺮ 28 ﺳﺆال ﺟﻤﻊآوري ﮔﺮدﯾﺪﻧﺪ. دادهﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از آزﻣﻮنﻫﺎي ﻣﺠﺬور ﮐﺎي، ﺗﯽ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ و ﻓﯿﺸﺮ ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ: ﺷﯿﻮع ﺧﻮددرﻣﺎﻧﯽ در داﻧﺸﺠﻮﯾﺎن ﭘﯿﺮاﭘﺰﺷﮑﯽ رﻓﺴﻨﺠﺎن 76/4% ﺑﻮد و ﻣﯿﺰان ﺧﻮددرﻣﺎﻧﯽ در ﻃﯽ دوران ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻞ در داﻧﺸﮕﺎه اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﯽﯾﺎﻓﺖ )0/002=p(. ﺷﺎﯾﻌﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺑﯿﻤﺎري ﮐﻪ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از دارو ﺑﺪون ﺗﺠﻮﯾﺰ ﭘﺰﺷﮏ ﻣﯽﺷﺪ ﺑﯿﻤﺎري ﮔﻮارﺷﯽ 28/7%، ﺷﺎﯾﻊﺗﺮﯾﻦ داروي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه ﻣﺴﮑﻦ )61/6%( و ﻋﻤﺪهﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺷﮑﻞ داروي ﻣﺼﺮﻓﯽ، ﻗﺮص )67/9%( ﺑﻮد. ﺷﺎﯾﻊﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺧﻮددرﻣﺎﻧﯽ، ﺗﺠﺮﺑه ﻗﺒﻠﯽ ﻣﺼﺮف دارو ﺑﯿﺎن ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪﮔﯿﺮي: ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﺷﯿﻮع ﺧﻮددرﻣﺎﻧﯽ در داﻧﺸﺠﻮﯾﺎن ﭘﯿﺮاﭘﺰﺷﮑﯽ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻋﻠﻮم ﭘﺰﺷﮑﯽ رﻓﺴﻨﺠﺎن در ﺣﺪ ﺑﺎﻻﯾﯽ ﺑﻮد. ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎد ﻣﯽﺷﻮد ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎي آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ ﻣﺪاوم ﺟﻬﺖ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ اﯾﻦ رﻓﺘﺎر ﻧﺎدرﺳﺖ و ﻋﻮارض ﻧﺎﺷﯽ از آن ﺗﺪوﯾﻦ ﮔﺮدد.

Introduction: Self-medication is an important health issue that its prevalence is increasing and threatens the health of various people in society, especially youngs. Therefore, this study was performed with aim to determine the frequency and causes of self-medication among paramedical students of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences (RUMS) in 2019. Methods: This descriptive study was performed on 296 paramedical students of RUMS. The subjects were selected by census method. Data were collected using a 28-item questionnaire. Data were analyzed by Chi-square, independent t-test and Fisher's exact test. Results: Prevalence of self-medication among paramedical students was 76.4% and was increased during university education (p= 0.002). The most common disease which led to self-medication was gastrointestinal disease (28.7%), the most commen used drug was analgesic (61.6%), and the most commonly used form of drug was tablet (67.9%). The most common cause of self-medication was previous experience of drug use. Funding: This research was funded by Research Council of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences. Conclusion: The results showed that the prevalence of self-medication was high among paramedical students of RUMS. It is suggested that continuous training programs be developed to reduce this misbehavior and its complications.