ﺑﺮآورد ارزش ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺘﯽ ﭘﻨﺎﻫﮕﺎه ﺣﯿﺎت وﺣﺶ دﺷﺖ ﻧﺎز ﺳﺎري ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ارزﺷﮕﺬاري ﻣﺸﺮوط

Estimating the Preservation value of Sari Dasht-e Naz Wildlife Refuge Using Contingent Valuation Method

ﺳﺎﺑﻘﻪ و ﻫﺪف: داﻧﺸﻤﻨﺪان اﻗﺘﺼﺎد ﻣﺤﯿﻂ زﯾﺴﺖ ﻫﺮ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ ﭼﺴﺒﺎﻧﺪن ﯾﮏ ﺑﺮﮔﻪ ﻗﯿﻤﺖ ﺑﺮ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﺖ ﻣﻮرد اﻧﺘﻘﺎد ﻗﺮار ﻣﯽ ﮔﯿﺮﻧﺪ، وﻟﯽ ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪﻧﺪ اﻧﺠﺎم ارزﺷﮕﺬاري ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺤﯿﻂ زﯾﺴﺖ اﻣﺮي ﻻزم و ﺿﺮوري اﺳﺖ و اﻧﮑﺎر ارزشﻫﺎي آن در درازﻣﺪت ﭘﯿﺎﻣﺪﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﻔﯽ و ﻧﺎﻣﻄﻠﻮﺑﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ در ﺑﺮ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ داﺷﺖ. ﻫﺪف از اﻧﺠﺎم اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ارزش اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي ﭘﻨﺎﻫﮕﺎه ﺣﯿﺎت وﺣﺶ دﺷﺖ ﻧﺎز ﺳﺎري و ارزش ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺘﯽ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ در ﺣﺎل اﻧﻘﺮاض ﮔﻮزن زرد اﯾﺮاﻧﯽ ﺑﺎ روش ﻣﯿﺰان ﺗﻤﺎﯾﻞ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺮداﺧﺖ ﻣﺮدم ﺑﺎ روش ارزﺷﮕﺬاري ﻣﺸﺮوط و ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ دوﮔﺎﻧﻪ اﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ ﺑﻪ اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﺣﻔﻆ ﻣﺤﯿﻂ زﯾﺴﺖ و ﺗﻨﻮع زﯾﺴﺘﯽ از ﻧﮕﺎه ﻣﺮدم ﭘﯽﺑﺮده ﺷﻮد. ﻣﻮاد و روش ﻫﺎ: ﺑﻪ دﻟﯿﻞ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد راﯾﺞ ﻣﺪل ﻻﺟﯿﺖ )Logit( در اﻧﺪازهﮔﯿﺮي ﻣﯿﺰان ﺗﻤﺎﯾﻞ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺮداﺧﺖ اﻓﺮاد از اﯾﻦ ﻣﺪل اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ و ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي ﻣﺪل ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﺣﺪاﮐﺜﺮ درﺳﺘﻨﻤﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺮآورد ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎ: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ 40 درﺻﺪ اﻓﺮاد ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ، ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺮداﺧﺖ ﻣﺒﻠﻐﯽ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ از ﭘﻨﺎﻫﮕﺎه ﺣﯿﺎت وﺣﺶ دﺷﺖ ﻧﺎز ﺳﺎري ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ و ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﺗﻤﺎﯾﻞ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺮداﺧﺖ ﻫﺮ ﻓﺮد ﺷﺎﻏﻞ ﺑﺮاي ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ از ﭘﻨﺎﻫﮕﺎه 84،635 رﯾﺎل ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ ﮔﯿﺮي: در ﺣﺎل ﺣﺎﺿﺮ اﻣﮑﺎن ﺑﺎزدﯾﺪ از ﭘﻨﺎﻫﮕﺎه ﺣﯿﺎت وﺣﺶ دﺷﺖ ﻧﺎز ﺳﺎري ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺧﺬ ﻣﺠﻮز از ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﻣﺤﯿﻂ زﯾﺴﺖ اﻣﮑﺎن ﭘﺬﯾﺮﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ ﺑﺎ اﺗﺨﺎذ ﺗﻤﻬﯿﺪاﺗﯽ ﻣﯽﺗﻮان از اﯾﻦ ﭘﻨﺎﻫﮕﺎه ﺑﻬﺮهﺑﺮداري ﺗﻮرﯾﺴﺘﯽ ﻧﻤﻮد و درآﻣﺪ ﺣﺎﺻﻠﻪ را در ﺣﻔﻆ ﻫﺮ ﭼﻪ ﺑﯿﺶ ﺗﺮ اﯾﻦ ﻣﮑﺎن و ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺎ ارزش ﮔﻮزن زرد اﯾﺮاﻧﯽ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎر ﮔﺮﻓﺖ.

Background and Objectives: Despite existing criticisms of attaching a price tag on nature, environmental economists assert the necessity of valuating environment and warn against negative impact of ignoring its values. The purpose of this study is to calculate economic value of Sari Dasht-e Naz Wildlife Refuge and preservation value of Iranian Fallow Deer, an endangered species, based on individual willingness to pay method using contingent valuation and dichotomous choice to understand about public opinion on preservation of environmental and biological diversity. Materials and Methods: Due to its widespread application the Logit model is used to measure individual willingness to pay and the model parameters are estimated using Maximum Likelihood. Results: We found that 40% of studied people are willing to pay for preservation of Sari Dasht-e Naz Wildlife Refuge. The average amount that every employed person would like to pay is 84,635Rls. Conclusion: It is now possible to visit the Dasht-e Naz Wildlife Refuge only with the authorization of Department of Environment. Hence, touristic usage of the Refuge may generate revenue to promote preservation of the area and worthy Persian Fallow Deer