آثار بيماري‌هاي واگيردار در حقوق زناشويي

Effects of Infectious Diseases on Marital Rights

بيماري‌هاي واگيردار اعمّ از آميزشي و غير آن، روابط همسري و حقوق زناشويي را تحت تأثير قرار مي‌دهد و موضوع احكام فقهي و قواعد حقوقي است. مسأله قابل بررسي اين است كه زن و شوهر تا چه ميزان حق دارند براي حفظ سلامت و پيشگيري از سرايت بيماري، از يكديگر كناره‌گيري كنند. قوانين و مقررات خانواده ايران درباره اين موضوع ناقص و مبهم است و به همين دليل، تحقيق فقهي آن ضروري مي‌باشد. اين مسأله از دو بعد قابل بررسي است؛ يك بعد آن ترس از انتقال بيماري واگيردار و بعد ديگر اضطراب ناشي از آن است. ترس از بيماري بطور كلي باعث سقوط وجوب تمكين و احياناً وجوب كناره‌گيري از همسر خواهد بود. اما درباره اضطراب بايد قايل به تفصيل شد. اضطراب خفيف يك واكنش طبيعي است و اثري در حقوق زناشويي ندارد؛ ولي اضطراب شديد نوعي اختلال رواني است و به همين دليل بايد مانع مشروع تمكين به شمار آيد.

The impact of infectious diseases on the rights of the wife can be examined in two dimensions: prevention and treatment; In terms of prevention, the question is to what extent does the wife have the right to withdraw from the patient's husband in order to maintain her health? In the second dimension, the question is whether the husband is obliged to pay for the treatment of his sick wife from alimony. The Islamic Republic of Iran's family regulations on these issues do not provide for the wife's incomplete health rights and need to be amended and supplemented. The views of the great jurists also differ on the right of the wife to treatment. Some consider it outside of alimony and others consider it part of alimony. Except for the cost of medical treatment from alimony is contrary to the wife's right to health, just as the generalization of alimony to the cost of treatment will cause harm to the husband. Current research shows that the husband is largely financially responsible for paying for the treatment of the patient's spouse and has no further obligation. If the husband's usury is proven to be due to the wife's medical expenses, her medical expenses must be covered by the family. This solution is compatible with the couple's rights and the interests of the family, while ensuring the wife's right to health.