سياست خارجي ايالات متحده امريكا: با تاكيد بر بحران اوكراين

Foreign Policy of United States with Emphasis Ukraine Crisis

اوﮐﺮاﯾﻦ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺣﻠﻘﻪ ﻣﻮازﻧﻪ ژﺋﻮﭘﻠﯿﺘﯿﮑﯽ اروﭘﺎي ﺷﺮﻗﯽ اﺳﺖ. وﺳﻌﺖ و ﻣﻮﻗﻌﯿﺖ آن در ﻧﻘﺸه ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ، دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ ﺑﻪ درﯾﺎي ﺳﯿﺎه در ﺟﻨﻮب، اﺗﺼﺎل ﺑﻪ ﮐﺸﻮرﻫﺎي اروﭘﺎي ﻣﺮﮐﺰي در ﻏﺮب ﻧﯿﺰ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ، ﭘﺎﯾﻪ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي و ﻋﻠﻤﯽ و ﻓﻨﯽ، اﯾﻦ ﮐﺸﻮر را ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﮐﻠﯿﺪي ﯾﮏ ﺑﺎزيژﺋﻮﭘﻠﯿﺘﯿﮑﯽ ﻣﺒﺪل ﻧﻤﻮده اﺳﺖ. اوﮐﺮاﯾﻦ را ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﻣﺤﻞ ﺗﻼﻗﯽ ﻣﻨﺎﻓﻊ ﻗﺪرت ﻫﺎي ﺑﺰرگ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ اي و ﻓﺮاﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ اي ﻧﻈﯿﺮ روﺳﯿﻪ، اﻣﺮﯾﮑﺎ و اﺗﺤﺎدﯾﻪ اروﭘﺎ ﻧﺎﻣﯿﺪ. در ﺣﻘﯿﻘﺖ، ﻫﻤﺎﻧﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﮐﻪ از ﻣﯿﺎن رﻓﺘﻦ ﻧﻔﻮذ روﺳﯿﻪ در اﯾﻦ ﮐﺸﻮر ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﮐﻤﺮﻧﮓ ﺷﺪن ﻫﻮﯾﺖ اروﭘﺎﯾﯽ روﺳﯿﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد، ﻋﺪم ﮔﺮاﯾﺶ ﮐﯿﻔﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎرﺎي اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي، ﺳﯿﺎﺳﯽ و اﻣﻨﯿﺘﯽ ﻏﺮﺑﯽ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺳﺒﺐ ﻣﺴﺪود ﺷﺪن ﻧﻔﻮذ اﯾﺎﻻت ﻣﺘﺤﺪه اﻣﺮﯾﮑﺎ و اﺗﺤﺎدﯾ اروﭘﺎ در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ي اروﭘﺎي ﺷﺮﻗﯽ ﻣﯽ ﮔﺮدد. روﺳﯿﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﻓﻌﯽ ﻣﺘﻤﺎﯾﺰ از ﻏﺮب و اﻣﺮﯾﮑﺎ در اوﮐﺮاﯾﻦ داردﺮ ﯾﮏ از اﯾﻦ ﻃﺮﻓﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ دﻧﺒﺎل آن ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ از ﺗﺤﻮﻻت ﺟﺎري در اﯾﻦ ﮐﺸﻮر ﺑﻪ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺷﮑﻞ ﻣﻤﮑﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻔﻊ ﺧﻮد ﺑﻬﺮه ﺑﺮداري ﮐﻨﻨﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺳﻌﯽ ﺑﺮ آن اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ اﻫﻤﯿﺖ و ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺎه اوﮐﺮاﯾن ر ﺳﯿﺎﺳﺖ ﺧﺎرﺟﯽ روﺳﯿﻪ و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻏﺮب ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ و ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس آن ﻧﮕﺮش اﯾﺎﻻتﻣﺘﺤﺪه در ﺳﯿﺎﺳﺖ ﺧﺎرﺟﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﺟﻬﺎﻧﯽ ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﯿﺮد.

Ukraine is the most important player in the geopolitical balance of Eastern Europe. Its size and position in the political map of the region, access to the Black Sea in the south, connection to Central European countries in the West, as well as natural resources, economic, scientific, and technical base, have made this country a key geopolitical actor. Ukraine should be called the confluence of the interests of major regional and supra-regional powers such as Russia, the United States, and the European Union. In fact, the disappearance of Russian influence in the country weakens Russia's European identity, Kyiv’s lack of inclination toward Western economic, political, and security structures will also block US and EU influence in Eastern Europe. Russia has distinct interests from the West and the United States in Ukraine, and each side seeks to take advantage of current developments in the country. This article tries to examine the importance and position of Ukraine in the foreign policy of Russia as well as the Western countries.