پديد آورندگان :
احمدي, غلامعلي دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد نور - گروه جغرافيا , جانباز قبادي, غلامرضا دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد نور - گروه جغرافيا , متولي, صدرالدين دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد نور - گروه جغرافيا , خالدي, شهريار دانشگاه شهيد بهشتي - دانشكده علوم زمين - گروه جغرافياي طبيعي
كليدواژه :
پارامترهاي هواشناسي , دكل هاي انتقال نيرو , بار برف و يخ , غرب مازندران
چكيده فارسي :
يكي از مشكلات شركت برق منطقه اي در مناطق سردسير، يخ زدگي و نشست برف بر روي سيم هاي خطوط انتقال نيرو مي باشد. پهنه بندي آب و هوايي و ارائه شرايط بارگذاري متناسب با منطقه جهت طراحي مكانيكي خطوط حائز اهميت بوده و انتخاب صحيح اين شرايط به لحاظ فني و اقتصادي تاثير بسزايي در طراحي پروژه خواهد داشت. نقشه بار برف و يخ كه در گذشته توسط وزارت نيرو تدوين گرديده، كارايي و نوآوري لازم را نداشته و يا اينكه براي بسياري از مناطق توسعه يافته جديد شهري و روستايي بازنگري نشده است در اين تحقيق پارامتر آماري ضخامت يخ با دوره هاي بازگشت چند ساله، كه ازجمله بارهاي موثر در بارگذاري دكل انتقال نيرو هستند با استفاده از داده هاي هواشناسي (سال 2010 تا 2018 ميلادي) سه ايستگاه كوهستاني بلده، كجور و سياه بيشه در غرب مازندران مورد ارزيابي قرار گرفتند و در نهايت مقادير اسمي جديد با دوره بازگشت هاي مختلف پيشنهاد گرديده است. نتايج نشان داد كه براي طراحي خطوط انتقال نيرو با دوره بازگشت كمتر از 50 سال، منطقه بلده و كجور جزو مناطق سنگين و با دوره بازگشت بيشتر از 50 سال جزو مناطق فوق سنگين و منطقه كجور با دوره بازگشت 50 تا 100 ساله جزو مناطق متوسط و دوره بازگشت بيشتر از 100 سال جزو مناطق سنگين (مطابق با آيين نامه مشانير) مي باشد.
چكيده لاتين :
IntroductionOne of the problems of the power companies in cold areas is freezing and snowfall on the transmission lines. Therefore climatic zoning of the Mazandaran province and the load conditions in accordance with requirements of the region are important for the mechanical design of the transmission lines. The correct selection of these conditions have a significant technical and economic impact on designing the project. One of the problems of a regional power company in cold, frosty and snowy areas is the wiring and shielding of power lines. Snow and ice load maps developed by the Ministry of Energy do not have the necessary efficiency and innovation anymore and were not reviewed for many newly developed urban and rural areas. Iran is divided into four regions of light, medium, heavy and super heavy in terms of weather conditions and for each of these regions, the four main and primary variables of loading, namely normal wind speed, maximum wind speed, normal ice thickness and maximum ice thickness are provided.Materials and MethodsThe purpose of this study is applied and the nature and method of research is descriptive-analytical. In this study, the parameter of ice thickness with multi-year return periods, which is one of the effective loads in the loading of the power transmission lines, was evaluated using the weather data (2010 to 2018), at three mountain stations of Baladeh, Kajur and Siah Bisheh in western Mazandaran. Meteorological information is measured hourly at meteorological stations, After collecting and correcting the meteorological data, in the Excel environment and in the final worksheet, the program is written to calculate the daily, monthly, and annual ice thicknesses and to calculate the statistical parameters at a height of 35 meter (mean height of the cables). Using the Smada software, the relevant histograms are plotted.Results and Discussion Eventually, new nominal values were recommended with different return periods. The results showed that in the design of transmission lines with a return period of less than 50 years, Baladeh and Kojur regions are among the heavy areas. With a return period of more than 50 years these points are considered as super-heavy. With the return period of 50 to 100 years, the Kojur area is an intermediate region and a heavy region with the return period of>100 years (in accordance with the Ministerial code also known as Mashanir Code). Therefore calculated values of snow and ice loads for 10 m (less than 66 kW) and 35 m (above 220 kW) elevations were not significant, Based on the results, it is suggested that with the establishment of automatic weather stations in the area and field and laboratory studies, more detailed results will be obtained in future studies.ConclusionIn this research, the ice thickness statistical parameters with multi-year return periods were evaluated, using meteorological data and simulation methods. The meteorological data was provided by Mountain Engineering Laboratory and Research Institute. Finally new nominal values were suggested after comparing them with various return periods. In the case of Baladeh, calculated values of snow load and ice for a height of 35 meters, with different return periods from 50 years onwards, the maximum amount of ice exceeds the nominal value (40) and was likely to cause damage to transmission lines. Therefore, for the design of power lines with a return period of less than 50 years, Baladeh region is one of the heavy areas and with a return period of more than 50 years, it is one of the super heavy areas.For the Siahbisheh area, the amount of snow and ice for the 50 to 100-year return period is moderate, and for return periods greater than 100 years, the heavy areas are less than the nominal average value defined in the Ministerial code(Mashanir). In the Kojour area, which according to Mashanir is a superheavey region, for return periods from 50 years onwards the maximum amount of ice thickness exceeds the Mashanir code. Therefore the probability that it could damage the transmission lines is greater than the nominal value (40). Hence, for the design of power lines with a return period of less than 50 years, the Kojour region is a heavy area and with a return period of more than 50 years, it is a heavy area.
