پديد آورندگان :
داودپور, رضوان دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد همدان - گروه محيط زيست , سبحان اردكاني, سهيل دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد همدان - گروه محيط زيست , چراغي, مهرداد دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد همدان - گروه محيط زيست , لرستاني, بهاره دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد همدان - گروه محيط زيست , عبدي, نوراله دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد اراك - گروه مرتع و آبخيزداري
كليدواژه :
فاكتور انباشتگي زيستي , فلز سنگين , فاكتور انتقال , گون پنبه اي , گياه پالايي , آرسنيك
چكيده فارسي :
اﻣﺮوزه روشﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻋﻮارض ﻧﺎﺷﻲ از آﻟﻮدﮔﻲ ﻓﻠﺰات ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦ در ﺧﺎك ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻳﻜﻲ از ﺧﻄﺮﻧﺎكﺗﺮﻳﻦ اﻧﻮاع آﻟﻮدﮔﻲ ﻣﺤﻴﻂزﻳﺴﺘﻲ ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎد ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ، ﻛﻪ ازﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮان ﺑﻪ ﮔﻴﺎه ﭘﺎﻻﻳﻲ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان ﻳﻚ ﻓﻨﺎوريﺳﺎده، ﻛﻢ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ و ﺳﺎزﮔﺎر ﺑﺎ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ زﻳﺴﺖ اﺷﺎره ﻛﺮد. ﻟﺬا، دراﻳﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ اﻧﺒﺎﺷﺘﮕﻲ زﻳﺴﺘﻲ و ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ آرﺳﻨﻴﻚ، روي، ﺳﺮب و ﻧﻴﻜﻞ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﻮن ﭘﻨﺒﻪ اي )Astraglus gossypinus( رﺷﺪ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ در اﺳﺘﺎن ﻣﺮﻛﺰي در ﺳﺎل 1395 ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر اﻣﻜﺎن ﺳﻨﺠﻲ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ اﺑﺮ اﻧﺒﺎﺷﺘﮕﺮ ﻓﻠﺰات ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦ ﺧﺎك ﻣﻮرد ارزﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﻗﺮارﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﭘﺲ از ﺟﻤﻊ آوري 48 ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺧﺎك، 48 ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﻮن ﭘﻨﺒﻪاي و آﻣﺎده ﺳﺎزي و ﻫﻀﻢ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎ در آزﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎه، ﻣﺤﺘﻮي ﻓﻠﺰات در ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺷﺪ. از ﻃﺮﻓﻲ ﻓﺎﻛﺘﻮر اﻧﺒﺎﺷﺘﮕﻲ زﻳﺴﺘﻲ و ﻓﺎﻛﺘﻮر اﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﭘﺮدازش آﻣﺎري داده ﻫﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار SPSS اﻧﺠﺎم ﻳﺎﻓﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻛﻪ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ آرﺳﻨﻴﻚ، روي، ﺳﺮب و ﻧﻴﻜﻞ ﻣﻴﻠﻲ ﮔﺮم در ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮم( در ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺧﺎك ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ 10/1، 169، 41/2 و 50/5، در ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي رﻳﺸﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ 1/02، 47/9، 3/63 و 2/83 و در اﻧﺪام ﻫﻮاﻳﻲ ﮔﻞ( ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ 2/02، 21/2، 10/8 و 4/03 ﺑﻮد. از ﻃﺮﻓﻲ ﻣﻘﺎدﻳﺮ ﻓﺎﻛﺘﻮرﻫﺎي اﻧﺘﻘﺎل و اﻧﺒﺎﺷﺘﮕﻲ زﻳﺴﺘﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ 0/73 و 0/52 ﺑﺮاي ﻋﻨﺼﺮ روي ﺑﻴﺎن ﮔﺮ ﺗﺤﺮك اﻧﺪك اﻳﻦ ﻋﻨﺼﺮ در ﮔﻴﺎه ﺑﻮد. در ﺣﺎﻟﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻘﺎدﻳﺮ ﻓﺎﻛﺘﻮر اﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﺑﺰرگ ﺗﺮ از ﻳﻚ و ﻓﺎﻛﺘﻮر اﻧﺒﺎﺷﺘﮕﻲ زﻳﺴﺘﻲ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺗﺮ از ﻳﻚ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ آرﺳﻨﻴﻚ، ﺳﺮب و ﻧﻴﻜﻞ ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه ﺗﺤﺮك ﺑﺎﻻي اﻳﻦ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ در ﮔﻴﺎه ﺑﻮد. ﻟﺬا، ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﻮن ﭘﻨﺒﻪ اي از ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ ﻋﻨﺼﺮ روي و ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺖ اﻧﺒﺎﺷﺖ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ آرﺳﻨﻴﻚ، ﺳﺮب و ﻧﻴﻜﻞ ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار اﺳﺖ.
چكيده لاتين :
Nowadays, soil contamination by heavy metals is one of the dangerous environmental pollutions and various methods such as phytoremediation as an environmental-friendly, simple and inexpensive method have been proposed to reduce it. Therefore, the present study was conducted to compare the capability of Astragalus spp. which grown in Markazi Province, Iran in 2016 for feasibility the introduce hyperaccumulator species. In so doing, a total of 48 soil samples and also 48 Astragalus samples were collected. After acid digestion of samples, the heavy metal concentrations were measured using ICP-OES. Also, the TF and BCF of metals were computed. The results showed that the mean concentrations of elements (mg/kg) in soil samples to be: 10.09 for As, 168.97 for Zn, 41.22 for Pb, and 50.49 for Ni. The mean contents of As, Zn, Pb, and Ni (mg/kg) in root samples were found to be 1.02, 47.87, 3.63, and 2.83 respectively, while, the mean concentrations of metals (mg/kg) in flower (aerial part) samples were 2.02 for As, 21.18 for Zn, 10.84 for Pb, and 4.03 for Ni. Based on the results, since the TF and the BCF of Zn were 0.73 and 0.52 respectively, therefore Zn mobility in Astragalus was low. While, the TF and BCF of As, Pb and Ni were > 1 and < 1 respectively, and indicates the high mobility of these elements in the plant. Thus, Astragalus spp. can be considered as a suitable species for stabilization of Zn and efficient for the accumulation of As, Pb, and Ni.
