كليدواژه :
آمينو اسيد , كيفيت , پروتئين , كود زيستي
چكيده فارسي :
اين مطالعه با هدف بررسي تأثير كاربرد كودهاي زيستي و محلول‌پاشي اسيدهاي آمينه بر رشد، عملكرد و جذب برخي عناصر غذايي در گياه سيب‌زميني انجام شد. آزمايش در مزرعه تحقيقاتي دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي واحد ملكان به‌صورت كرت‌هاي خرد‌شده در قالب طرح بلوك‌هاي كامل تصادفي در سه تكرار ودر سال 1397 انجام شد. تيمار‌ها شامل محلول‌پاشي اسيدهاي آمينه (عدم كاربرد، محلول‌پاشي با غلظت 5/2 و 75/3 گرم در ليتر آب) و باكتري‌هاي محرك رشد (عدم كاربرد، كاربرد سودوموناس، ازتوباكتر و آزوسپريليوم) بود. بر اساس نتايج به‌دست‌آمده، درصد پروتئين غده تنها تحت تأثير محلول‌پاشي اسيدهاي آمينه با غلظت 75/3 گرم در ليتر آب افزايش يافت. تعداد غده در بوته، قطر غده، متوسط وزن غده، عملكرد غده و درصد نيتروژن غده سيب‌زميني تحت تأثير محلول‌پاشي اسيدهاي آمينه با غلظت 5/2 و 75/3 گرم در ليتر آب افزايش معني‌داري داشت. عملكرد غده در واكنش به محلول‌پاشي اسيدهاي آمينه با غلظت 75/3 گرم در ليتر آب حدود 6/44 درصد افزايش يافت. در اين مطالعه، كاربرد ازتوباكتر و كاربرد آزوسپريليوم نيز اثر افزايشي معني‌داري بر صفاتي نظير تعداد غده در بوته، عملكرد غده و درصد پروتئين غده داشت. عملكرد غده تحت تأثير كاربرد ازتوباكتر و آزوسپريليوم به‌ترتيب به‌ميزان 7/35 و 7/41 درصد افزايش يافت. نتايج نشان داد كاربرد ازتوباكتر، آزوسپيريليوم و محلول‌پاشي با غلظت 75/3 گرم در ليتر آب مي‌تواند نقش مؤثري در بهبود عملكرد سيب‌زميني داشته باشد.
چكيده لاتين :
Background and Objectives
Biofertilizers are now one of the most important inputs to increase agricultural production. The use of biofertilizers in potato production could reduce the use of nitrogen fertilizers. On the other hand, previous studies have shown that the spraying of amino acids not only improves the growth and yield of plants, but also improves the activity of useful microorganisms.
Materials and Methods
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of application of biofertilizers (non-application of fertilizers, application of pseudomonas, application of azotobacter, and application of azospirilium) and spraying of amino acids (non-spraying of amino acids, spraying with 2.5, and 3.75 g /L) on growth, yield, and nutrient uptake of potatoes. The study was carried out in Malek Azad University as a split plot based on the randomized complet block design with three replications in 2018. The studied traits in this study included the number of tubers per plant, length of tuber, number of tubers per plant, mean weight of tuber, tuber yield per m2, nitrogen percentage, phosphorus percentage, and tuber protein percentage.
Results
Based on the results of this study, all traits except the percentage of phosphorus, the interaction of two factors such as biofertilizer, and the spraying of amino acids did not have a significant effect, but each of the studied factors had a significant effect on the growth and yield of potatoes. The yield of potato plants affected by spraying with a concentration of 3.75 g / l of water increased by 44.6% due to an increase in the average weight of the tubers (7.7%) and the number of produced tubers (32.2%) was in the bush. The application of biofertilizer increased the yield of both functional components, the average weight of the tuber and the number of tubers on potato tuber yields. Azotobacter application treatments and Azosperilium application increased the potato tuber yield by 29.6 and 34.1%, respectively. Potato leaf area was not affected by amino acid spraying, but the biofertilizer had a positive effect on this trait. The percentage of protein in potato tubers also increased by the influence of amino acid spraying and the application of bio-fertilizer.
Discussion
Both spraying agents of amino acids and biofertilizer had a positive effect on the dry weight of potato leaves. Improving the assemilation of carbon dioxide in leaves due to the use of amino acids and biofertilizers was probably due to increased potato growth and yield. The results of this study showed that soluble treatments with a concentration of 3.75 g / L of water, application of Azotobacter and application of Azospirilium could have an effective role in increasing potato yield.
