بررسي عملكرد و اجزاي عملكرد ژنوتيپهاي مختلف باقلا(Vicia faba L.)در تاريخ كشت هاي تأخيري در شرايط آب و هوايي گرگان

Investigating yield and yield components of different faba bean (Vicia faba L.) genotypes at delayed planting dates under Gorgan climatic conditions

ﺑﻪﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ ﺑﺮ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﯿﺎت روﯾﺸﯽ، ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد و اﺟﺰاي ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﭘﻨﺞ ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗ ﺑﺎﻗﻼ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮاه رﻗﻢ ﺑﺮﮐﺖ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ(، آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﺑﻪﺻﻮرت ﻃﺮح ﮐﺮتﻫﺎي ﺧﺮد ﺷﺪه در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﺑﻠﻮكﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ، در ﭼﻬﺎر ﺗﮑﺮار و در ﺳﺎل زراﻋﯽ 1393-94 در اﯾﺴﺘﮕﺎه ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﮐﺸﺎورزي ﮔﺮﮔﺎن اﺟﺮا ﺷﺪ. ﺳﻪ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ 15 آذر، ﯾﮑﻢ دي و 15 دي در ﮐﺮتﻫﺎي اﺻﻠﯽ و رﻗﻢ ﺑﺮﮐﺖ ﺑﻪﻫﻤﺮاه ﭘﻨﺞ ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗ و رﻗﻢ داﻧﻪ درﺷﺖ G-،G-faba-621،G-faba-10 ،G-faba-8 faba-9 و G-faba-620 در ﮐﺮتﻫﺎي ﻓﺮﻋﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ اﺛﺮات ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ × رﻗﻢ ﺑﺮ روي ﻫﻤﻪ ﺻﻔﺎت ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺰ ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺑﻮﺗﻪ و ﺗﻌﺪاد ﭘﻨﺠﻪ در ﺑﻮﺗﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﯽدار ﺑﻮد. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ-دار ﺑﻮدن اﺛﺮات ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺑﺮشدﻫﯽ ﻓﯿﺰﯾﮑﯽ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺄﺧﯿﺮ در ﮐﺎﺷﺖ، ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺑﻮﺗﻪ، وزن ﺻﺪداﻧﻪ، ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ و ﻏﻼف ﺳﺒﺰ ﺑﻪﻃﻮر ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﯾﺎﻓﺖ. ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗﻫﺎ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖﻫﺎي 15 آذر، ﯾﮏ دي و 15 دي ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ 403/17، 346/04 و 337/15 ﮔﺮم در ﻣﺘﺮﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﺑﻮد. در ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ 15 دي ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗﻫﺎي 621-G-faba-620 ،G-faba و G-faba-10 ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮي ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗﻫﺎ داﺷﺘﻨﺪﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﻣﯽﺗﻮان در ﮐﺸﺖﻫﺎي ﺗﺄﺧﯿﺮي ﺑﺎ ﮐﺸﺖ اﯾﻦ ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮدﻫﺎي ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮي دﺳﺖ ﯾﺎﻓﺖ

To investigate the effect of sowing date on vegetative characteristics, yield and yield components of faba, 5 faba bean genotypes along with Barekat cultivar (control), a split plot experiment based on completely randomized design with 4 replications was conducted at Agricultural Research Station of Gorgan in 2014-2015. Three sowing dates of 6th of December, 21st of December and 5th of January and Barekat cultivar and 5 large seeded genotypes of G-faba-8, G-faba-10, G-faba-621, G-faba-9 and G-faba 620 were assigned to main-plots and sub-plots, respectively. The results of variance analysis showed that interaction of sowing date ×cultivar was significant for all studied traits except for plant height and tillers per plant. Due to significance of the interaction, it was sliced. The results of mean comparison showed that delay in sowing led to significant reduction in plant height, 100 grain weight, green pods and grain yield. Mean genotype yield for sowing dates of 6th of December, 21st of December and 5th of January was 403.17, 346.04 and 337.15 g.m-2, respectively. At 5th of January, G-faba-621 ،G-faba-620 and G-faba-10 genotype had a higher yield compared to other genotypes. According to the findings, higher yields may be obtained in delayed cropping using genotypes.