اثربخشي قصه گويي بر آموزش هوش اجتماعي كودكان پيش دبستاني شهرستان كرمانشاه

The Effectiveness of Storytelling on Social Intelligence Education on Preschool Children in Kermanshah

ﻫﺪف: ﻗﺼﻪ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ آﻣﻮزش ﺧﯿﺎلﭘﺮدازي ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻏﯿﺮﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ در ﮐﻮدك و ﻧﻮﺟﻮان اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ اﯾﺠﺎد ﺳﺆال در ذﻫﻦ ﻣﺨﺎﻃﺐ ﺑﻪ او آﻣﻮزش ﻣﯽ-دﻫﺪ و وي ﺑﻪ ﮐﻤﮏ آن ﺣﻮادث را ﺑﻪ ﻫﻢ ﻣﯽﭼﺴﺒﺎﻧﺪ و واﻗﻌﯿﺖﻫﺎ را ﮐﺸﻒ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ. ﻗﺼﻪﮔﻮﯾﯽ ﺧﻼﻗﺎﻧﻪ روﺷﯽ آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ و ﺗﺮﺑﯿﺘﯽ ﺑﺮاي اﻧﺘﻘﺎل اﻧﻮاع ﻣﻔﺎﻫﯿﻢ و ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪﺳﺎزي اﺣﺴﺎس و رﻓﺘﺎر ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن ﻗﻠﻤﺪاد ﻣﯽﺷﻮد؛ ﻟﺬا اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ در ﭘﯽ ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ اﺛﺮﺑﺨﺸﯽ ﻗﺼﻪﮔﻮﯾﯽ ﺑﺮ آﻣﻮزش ﻫﻮش اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن ﭘﯿﺶدﺑﺴﺘﺎﻧﯽ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﮐﺮﻣﺎﻧﺸﺎه اﺳﺖ. روش: اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﻧﯿﻤﻪﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﻮدﻧﯽ و ﮔﻮاه اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﮐﻠﯿﻪ ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن ﻣﻘﻄﻊ ﭘﯿﺶدﺑﺴﺘﺎﻧﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ در ﺳﺎل ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻠﯽ 99-98 ﺑﻪ آﻣﻮزﺷﮕﺎه ﻣﯽرﻓﺘﻨﺪ. اﻓﺮاد ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ در ﻓﺼﻞ ﺗﺎﺑﺴﺘﺎن و ﺗﻌﻄﯿﻠﯽ ﻣﺪارس و ﻣﺮاﮐﺰ ﭘﯿﺶ دﺑﺴﺘﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت در دﺳﺘﺮس ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪﻧﺪ. ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﯾﮏ دوره 8 ﺟﻠﺴﻪاي ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮ روي ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. دادهﻫﺎ از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ دو ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﻤﺪﻟﯽ ﺑﻬﺮ و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺑﻬﺮ ﮐﻮدﮐﺎن آﯾﻮﻧﮓ و ﻫﻤﮑﺎران )2009( )ﻓﺮم واﻟﺪﯾﻦ( و ﻣﻘﯿﺎس ﻧﻮعدوﺳﺘﯽ ﺑﺮﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ از ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺗﻮاﻧﺎﯾﯽ و ﻣﺸﮑﻼت ﮔﻮدﻣﻦ و ﻫﻤﮑﺎران )1997( )ﻓﺮم واﻟﺪﯾﻦ( ﻗﺒﻞ و ﺑﻌﺪ از اﺟﺮاي ﻣﺪاﺧﻠﻪ ﺟﻤﻊآوري و ﺳﭙﺲ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻧﺮماﻓﺰار spss ﻧﺴﺨﻪ 20 و آزﻣﻮن ﯾﻮﻣﻦ واﯾﺘﻨﯽ ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ و ﭘﺮدازش ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﭘﺮدازش دادهﻫﺎ ﺣﺎﮐﯽ از آن ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ در ﭘﺲ آزﻣﻮن ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﻮن ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮاﺗﯽ ﻣﻌﻨﯽدار ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪﮔﯿﺮي: ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﺛﺮﺑﺨﺸﯽ اﯾﻦ روش آن را ﻣﯽﺗﻮان در زﻣﺮه روشﻫﺎي آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ، ﺗﺮﺑﯿﺘﯽ، ﭘﺮورﺷﯽ و ﺣﺘﯽ درﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﻣﺆﺛﺮ و ﻣﻘﺮون ﺑﻪ ﺻﺮﻓﻪ ﺑﺮاي اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻼت ﮐﻮدك ﺑﺎ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ و دﯾﮕﺮ اﻓﺮاد ﻗﺮار داد و از آن در ﻣﺮاﮐﺰ آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ و درﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮐﺮد.

Objective:The story of the fantasy training factor is indirectly in the child and adolescent, who instructs the audience by asking a question, and by doing so, they intertwine the events and discover the facts. Storytelling is an educational and educational method for conveying various concepts and optimizing children's feeling and behavior Friendships for preschool children in Kermanshah. Method: This research is a quasi-experimental study which has been investigated using storytelling on children. The community includes all preschool children who went to school in the 99-98 school year. Sample subjects were also available through summer research and closure of schools and preschools. The training program consisted of an 8-session course on the experimental group. Data were collected through two questionnaires of two empathy questionnaires by Auyeung et al. (2009) (Parent Form) and Goodman et al (1997) (Parent Form). Results: The results of the study were analyzed by SPSS software version 20, which indicated that there were significant changes in the post-test The results of the Mann-Whitney test indicated that there were significant changes in post-test. Conclusion: Given the effectiveness of this method, it can be one of the most effective and cost-effective educational, educational, nurturing, and even therapeutic methods to enhance the quality of the child's interactions with society and other individuals Used the optimal form. Storytelling can thus be considered as an appropriate and effective tool for improving children's morale and behavior that should be used early in childhood through indirect education. Teaching different skills to children by providing a learning model is the most common method of nurturing social skills that has been widely used as an effective factor in the process of educating children in various fields. That the current population of this study is children, as well as experts who believe that conventional education, such as lectures and so on, is ineffective and has emphasized the use of dynamic and indirect methods. Therefore, it is suggested that the curriculum of schools and preschools be adjusted so that this indirect teaching method can be used and that teachers, educators, teachers and even therapists will be important. Do not neglect in the upbringing of children. Although factors such as gender, age, etc. may be effective in differentiating the storytelling effect and this effect is not the same, but its constant use, both in educational settings and at home by parents, can be a factor in Improving interpersonal relationships and social interactions with the child, of course, while informing families in different ways can be helpful in promoting the educational goals of the child.