بهبود تخمين سيلاب مدل HEC-HMS با رونديابي مكاني تبخير-تعرق به وسيله الگوريتم سبس

Optimizing the Assessment of Runoff with HEC-HMS Model Using Spatial Evapotranspiration by SEBS model

ﻣﺤﺪودﯾﺖ ﻫﺎي روش ﻫﺎي ﻓﯿﺰﯾﮑﯽ و ﺗﺠﺮﺑﯽ ﺑﺮآورد ﺗﺒﺨﯿﺮ-ﺗﻌﺮق، ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﻓﻨﺎوري ﺳﻨﺠﺶ از دور را ﺑﺮاي ﺣﻞ ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﻪ ﺑﯿﻼن اﻧﺮژي در ﺳﺎل ﻫﺎي اﺧﯿﺮ راﯾﺞ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺗﺪﻗﯿﻖ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺒﺨﯿﺮ-ﺗﻌﺮق در ﻣﺪل HEC-HMS و ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﺗﺨﻤﯿﻦ ﺳﯿﻼب، ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻧﻪ ﺗﺼﻮﯾﺮ ﻟﻨﺪﺳﺖ 8، داده ﻫﺎي ﻫﻮاﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ اﯾﺴﺘﮕﺎه ﻣﺤﻠﯽ و ﻣﺪل SEBS، ﺗﺒﺨﯿﺮ-ﺗﻌﺮق ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﭘﻨﺞ واﻗﻌﻪ در دوره زﻣﺎﻧﯽ 1393 ﺗﺎ 1396 در ﺣﻮزه آﺑﺨﯿﺰ ﮐﻠﺴﺘﺎن واﻗﻊ در ﺷﻤﺎل ﻏﺮﺑﯽ ﺷﯿﺮاز ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ و ﺑﻪ ﮐﻤﮏ داده ﻫﺎي ﻓﺎﺋﻮ ﭘﻨﻤﻦ-ﻣﺎﻧﺘﯿﺲ در ﯾﮏ ﭘﯿﮑﺮه آﺑﯽ اﻋﺘﺒﺎر ﺳﻨﺠﯽ ﺷﺪ. ﺗﺒﺨﯿﺮ در HEC-HMS ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺒﺨﯿﺮ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ از آب و از ﺳﻄﺢ ﺧﺎك و ﺗﻌﺮق ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﯾﮏ ارﺗﻔﺎع ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﺗﺨﻤﯿﻦ زده ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد. در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﺳﻌﯽ ﺷﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺰﯾﻦ ﮐﺮدن ﺗﺒﺨﯿﺮ-ﺗﻌﺮق واﻗﻌﯽ در ﻣﺪل HEC-HMS، ﻣﯿﺰان رواﻧﺎب ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﺑﺎرش ﺑﺎ دﻗﺖ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮي ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷﻮد. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد، ﭘﺲ از ﺗﺪﻗﯿﻖ ﺗﺒﺨﯿﺮ-ﺗﻌﺮق، ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﺳﯿﻼب ﻣﺪل ﺑﺎ ﺳﯿﻼب اﻧﺪازه ﮔﯿﺮي ﺷﺪه اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻣﺸﻬﻮدي داﺷﺘﻪ، ﺑﻪﻃﻮري ﮐﻪ 2 R از 92 ﺑﻪ 99 درﺻﺪ و RMSE از 0/14 ﺑﻪ 0/01 رﺳﯿﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ، ﻧﺸﺎﻧﮕﺮ آن اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺗﺼﺎوﯾﺮ ﻣﺎﻫﻮارهاي و اﻟﮕﻮرﯾﺘﻢ SEBS اﺑﺰار ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮآورد ﺗﺒﺨﯿﺮ-ﺗﻌﺮق واﻗﻌﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺑﺎ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺗﺸﺨﯿﺺ ﮐﺎراﯾﯽ SEBS در ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﭘﺮاﮐﻨﺶ ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯽ و زﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﺗﺒﺨﯿﺮ-ﺗﻌﺮق در ﯾﮏ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﮐﻮﻫﺴﺘﺎﻧﯽ و ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﻫﯿﺪروﻟﻮژﯾﮏ، اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﭼﺮاﮐﻪ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ET در ﻣﺪل ﻫﺎي ﻫﯿﺪرﻟﻮژﯾﮏ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺳﺒﺐ ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ و اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ دﻗﺖ ﻣﺪل ﻫﺎي ﻣﺬﮐﻮر ﺷﻮد.

Limitations of physical and experimental methods for estimating the evapotranspiration have been rationalized the employment of remote sensing technology to solve the energy balance equation in recent years. In this study, in order to investigate the evapotranspiration factor in the application of the HEC-HMS model and to optimize the flood estimation, using Landsat 8 Satellite Images (nine images) and the meteorological data related to the Kelestan Station and the SEBS Evapotranspiration Model for the period 2015-2017, ET values were calculated in the region of Kelestan Located in the Northwest of Shiraz, and the results were compared to the FAO Penman-Monteith equation to verify the accuracy of this model in the region of Kolding with water body. Evaporation in HEC-HMS including the direct evaporation of water, evaporation from soil surface, and transpiration of plants was estimated as an average elevation. In this study, we attempted to replace the actual evapotranspiration in the HEC-HMS model, The amount of runoff from the precipitation is calculated more accurately. The results showed that after scrutinizing the ET input, the simulated flood correlation with the measured flood was increased with R2 from 92 to 99%, and RMSE from 0.14 to 0.01, respectively. The results also indicated that the use of Landsat 8 Satellite Images and SEBS model is a suitable tool for estimating actual evapotranspiration in mountainous and field areas in hydrological studies. This research is for the performance of SEBS in determining the spatial and temporal distribution of evapotranspiration in a mountainous and hydrological area. Because the calculation of ET in hydrological models can improve the results and increase the accuracy of these models.