سه گانه هاي داستاني فارسي از پندار تا واقعيّت

Persian fiction trilogy from thoughts to reality

ﺳﻪﮔﺎﻧﻪ )Trilogy( ﯾﮑﯽ از ژاﻧﺮﻫﺎي ﻗﺪﯾﻤﯽ در ادﺑﯿﺎت ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺸﯽ و داﺳﺘﺎﻧﯽ ﻏﺮب اﺳﺖ. ﻧﻮﯾﺴﻨﺪﮔﺎن ﻣﺸﻬﻮري از زﻣﺎن ﯾﻮﻧﺎن ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺎن ﺗﺎﮐﻨﻮن، آﺛﺎري آﻓﺮﯾﺪهاﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﮥ ﻧﻘﺪ ادﺑﯽ ﺑﺎ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﻣﻌﯿﺎرﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ و ﭘﯿﮑﺮهﺑﻨﺪياي ﻣﺴﺘﺤﮑﻢ ازﻧﻈﺮ ﺗﻌﺎرﯾﻒ و ﻣﺼﺎدﯾﻖ، آنﻫﺎ را ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎم ﺗﺮﯾﻠﻮژي ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. در ﺳﺎلﻫﺎي اﺧﯿﺮ اﯾﻦ ژاﻧﺮ وارد ادﺑﯿﺎت داﺳﺘﺎﻧﯽ ﻓﺎرﺳﯽ ﺷﺪه و در ﻗﺎﻟﺐﻫﺎي ﻓﯿﻠﻢﻧﺎﻣﻪ، ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪﻫﺎي داﺳﺘﺎن ﮐﻮﺗﺎه و رﻣﺎن، آﺛﺎري ﭼﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ آﺛﺎر داﺳﺘﺎﻧﯽ آنﻫﺎ، ﻣﻮﺿﻮع اﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ اﺳﺖ، در اﯾﻦ راﺳﺘﺎ ﭘﺪﯾﺪ آﻣﺪه اﺳﺖ. ازآﻧﺠﺎﮐﻪ ﺳﻪﮔﺎﻧﻪﻧﻮﯾﺴﯽ در اﯾﺮان ﺗﺎزﮔﯽ دارد و ﻣﺤﻘّﻘﺎن اﯾﺮاﻧﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ ﻣﺎﻫﯿّﺖ و ﻣﻌﯿﺎرﻫﺎي آن ﻧﭙﺮداﺧﺘﻪاﻧﺪ، اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﺗﻼش ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ، ﻣﯿﺰان اﻧﻄﺒﺎق اﯾﻦ آﺛﺎر را ﺑﺎ ﻣﺨﺘﺼّﺎت ﺳﻪﮔﺎﻧﻪﻧﻮﯾﺴﯽ ﮐﻪ در ﺗﻌﺎرﯾﻒِ ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮ اﯾﻦ ژاﻧﺮ؛ ﻧﯿﺰ در ﺳﻪﮔﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﺷﺎﺧﺺ و ﻣﺸﻬﻮر ﭼﻮن »اورﺳﺘﯿﺎ« اﺛﺮ آﺷﯿﻞ و »ﺳﻪرﻧﮓ« اﺛﺮ ﮐﯿﺸﻠﻮﻓﺴﮑﯽ ﺑﺎزﺗﺎب ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ، واﮐﺎوي ﮐﻨﺪ. ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎي اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﻧﻮﯾﺴﻨﺪﮔﺎن اﯾﺮاﻧﯽ اﯾﻦ آﺛﺎر، در ذﻫﻦ ﺧﻮد ﺗﺼﻮّر ﺟﺎﻣﻊ و ﻣﻨﺴﺠﻤﯽ از ﻣﻔﻬﻮم ﺳﻪﮔﺎﻧﻪ و ﻣﺨﺘﺼّﺎت و ﻣﻌﯿﺎرﻫﺎي آن ﻧﺪاﺷﺘﻪاﻧﺪ؛ ﻟﺬا آﺛﺎر آنﻫﺎ را ﻣﯽﺗﻮان ﮐﻢوﺑﯿﺶ، ﺑﺎ ﺗﺴﺎﻫﻞ و ﺗﺴﺎﻣﺢ، ﻪﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﺗﻠﻘّﯽ ﮐﺮد و اﺳﺎﺳﺎً ﻫﯿﭻﯾﮏ از آنﻫﺎ واﺟﺪ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺗﺎمّ، در اﯾﻦ زﻣﯿﻨﻪ ﻧﯿﺴﺘﻨﺪ.

Trilogy is one of the oldest genres in dramatic literature and Western fiction. Famous writers from ancient Greece to the present have created phenomena; that literary criticism community, considering specific criteria and strong configuration, in terms of definitions and examples, has known them as trilogy. In recent years, this genre has entered the Persian fiction literature, and in the form of screenplays, short story collections, and novels, a few phenomena whose most important phenomena of fiction are the subject of this article, it has emerged in this direction. Since trilogy is new in Iran, and Iranian scholars have not explained its nature and criteria, this research tries, the degree of conformity of these phenomena with the trilogy writing coordinates found in the valid definitions of this genre; also reflect on the famous and index trilogy such as "Oresteia" by Achilles and "Three Colors" by Kieslowski. Based on the findings of this study, the Iranian authors of these phenomena did not have a comprehensive and coherent idea in your mind of the trilogy concept and its coordinates and criteria; therefore, their phenomena can be considered more or less trilogy with tolerance, and basically none of them are fully qualified in this area.