فراواني فصلي و كليد تشخيص سنك هاي Orius spp.(Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) در استان فارس

Seasonal abundance and identification key of Orius spp. (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) in Fars Province

سنكهاي Anthocoridae از عوامل كنترل بيولوژيك در اگرواكوسيستم­ ها هستند. ضمن مطالعه ­اي، پراكنش و فراواني فصلي گونه­ هاي جنس Orius روي محصولات زراعي، درختان، گلها و علف هاي هرز در استان فارس، طي سالهاي 1395- 1397 مورد بررسي قرارگرفت. گونه­هاي Orius albidipennis (Reuter), Orius laticollis discolor (Reuter), Orius laticollis laticollis (Reuter), Orius horvathi (Reuter) , Orius minutus (Linnaeus), Orius vicinus (Ribaut), Orius retamae Noualhier, Orius laevigatus inaequalis*Wagner, Orius laevigatus laevigatus (Fieber), Orius laevigatus maderensis* (Reuter), Orius niger aegyptiacus Wagner, Orius niger niger (Wolff), Orius piceicollis* (Lindberg) ، از 50 منطقه و روي 63 ميزبان گياهي جمع شدند كه گونه ­ها و زيرگونه­ هاي * دار، براي ايران جديد مي­باشند. شاخص تنوع سيمپسون در فصلهاي بهار، تابستان، پاييز و زمستان به ترتيب 3.954, 4.082, 3,793 و 1 برآورد شد. تنوع فصلي گونه ­هاي جنس Oriusدر تابستان بالاتر بود. زيرگونه O. niger niger در تمام سال فعال بود. به استثناي گونه­هاي O. piceicollis, O. retamae و زيرگونه O. laevigatus inaequalisكه فقط در تابستان فعال بودند، ديگر گونه­ ها در بهار، تابستان و پاييز فعاليت داشتند. زيرگونه O. niger niger وگونه O. albidipennis بيشترين سنكهاي جمع شده بودند. بنابر نتايج O. niger niger و O. albidipennis به خوبي با شرايط آب و هوايي و تنوع زيستي در استان سازگارند و مي­توانند به عنوان عوامل كنترل بيولوژيك درمزارع مورد توجه قرار گيرند.

Family Anthocoridae, are as biological control agents in many agroecosystems. The seasonal abundance and distribution of Orius species were determined from different crops, trees, flowers and weeds in Fars province during 2016-2018. In this study Orius albidipennis (Reuter), Orius laticollis discolor (Reuter), Orius laticollis laticollis (Reuter), Orius horvathi (Reuter), Orius minutus (Linnaeus), Orius vicinus (Ribaut), Orius retamae Noualhier, Orius laevigatus inaequalis* Wagner, Orius laevigatus laevigatus (Fieber), Orius laevigatus maderensis* (Reuter), Orius niger aegyptiacus Wagner, Orius niger niger (Wolff), Orius piceicollis* (Lindberg) were collected on different 63 host plants from 50 regions in Fars province. Among them the species and subspecies marked with * were new records for Iran. The Simpson diversity indices of Spring, Summer, Fall and Winter seasons were 3.954, 4.082, 3,793 and 1 respectively. Seasonal diversity of Orius spp. In Summer were significantly higher than other seasons. O. niger niger was found to be active throughout the year. The other species of Orius were collected in spring, summer and autumn, O. piceicollis, O. retamae and O. laevigatus inaequalis were only active in summer. O. niger niger and O. albidipennis were the most collected Anthocorid species. From results it is concluded that O. niger niger and O. albidipennis are well adapted to the geographical conditions and plant biodiversity in Fars province. Therefore, they could be considered as biological control agents in fields.