ارزيابي سازگاري ژنوتيپ هاي برنج به روش GGE باي پلات به منظور كشت فراسرزميني در چند كشور آسياي مركزي و غربي

Assessing the adaptability of rice genotypes through GGE Biplot for farmland grabbing in some Central and West Asian countries

اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺳﺎزﮔﺎري و ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد و ﺑﺮﺧﯽ ﺻﻔﺎت ﻣﻬﻢ زراﻋﯽ و ﮐﯿﻔﯽ ﺑﺮﻧﺞ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از 14 ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗ ﺑﺮﻧﺞ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ 12 رﻗﻢ و ﻻﯾﻦ ارﺳﺎﻟﯽ از ﻣﺆﺳﺴﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﺑﺮﻧﺞ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﯾﮏ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪاي )ﺧﺰر( و ﯾﮏ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺑﻮﻣﯽ )ﻫﺎﺷﻤﯽ، اﺳﺘﻘﻼل، ﯾﺎﺳﻤﯿﻦ و ﻋﺜﻤﺎنﭼﯿﮏ( در ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﺷﺎﻟﯿﺰارﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻘﯽ از ﮐﺸﻮرﻫﺎي اﯾﺮان، آذرﺑﺎﯾﺠﺎن، ﺗﺮﮐﯿﻪ و ﻋﺮاق ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان اوّﻟﯿﻦ ﭘﺮوژه ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎﺗﯽ ﺑﯿﻦاﻟﻤﻠﻠﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﮐﺸﻮرﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ آﺳﯿﺎي ﻣﺮﮐﺰي و ﻏﺮﺑﯽ و ﺗﺤﺖ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ اﯾﺠﺎد ﺷﺒﮑﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت و ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﭼﻨﺪ ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ذﺧﺎﯾﺮ ژﻧﺘﯿﮑﯽ ﺑﺮﻧﺞ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﺑﻠﻮكﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻪ ﺗﮑﺮار اﺟﺮا ﺷﺪ. ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﺳﺎده و ﻣﺮﮐﺐ، ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﺻﻔﺎت و ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ ﭘﺎﯾﺪاري ﺑﻪ روشGGE ﺑﺎيﭘﻼت اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ ﭘﺎﯾﺪاري ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ ﻣﺮﮐﺐ در ﺳﻪ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺗﺮﮐﯿﻪ، ﻋﺮاق و اﯾﺮان ﺑﻪ روش GGE ﺑﺎيﭘﻼت ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﭘﺎﯾﺪارﺗﺮﯾﻦ ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗﻫﺎي ﮔﻮﻫﺮ، درﻓﮏ، 184104 18333-12 ،184104-11 ،34 و 18425-20 ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. اﯾﻦ ژﻧﻮﺗﯿﭗﻫﺎ داراي ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ از ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﮐﻞ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﻻﯾﻦ 18426-56-3 در ﺗﺮﮐﯿﻪ، دو رﻗﻢ درﻓﮏ و ﺷﯿﺮودي در ﻋﺮاق، ﭘﻨﺞ ﻻﯾﻦ اﻣﯿﺪﺑﺨﺶ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ 18425-20، 184104-11 ،184104-34 ،18426-56-3 و 18433-12 در اﯾﺮان، ارﻗﺎم ﮔﻮﻫﺮ، ﺷﯿﺮودي، درﻓﮏ و ﻻﯾﻦ 184104-11 در آذرﺑﺎﯾﺠﺎن ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻻﯾﻦﻫﺎي ﺑﺎ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺑﺎﻻ و ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ و داراي ﺧﺼﻮﺻﯿﺎت زراﻋﯽ وﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ داﻧﻪ ﻣﻄﻠﻮب، ﺟﻬﺖ ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ در آزﻣﺎﯾﺶﻫﺎي ﭘﯿﺸﺮﻓﺘﻪﺗﺮ در ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ اﺻﻼح و ﻣﻌﺮﻓﯽ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ رﻗﻢ، ﺷﺪ.

In order to evaluate the adaptability, yield and some important agronomic and qualitative traits of rice, this study was carried out with 14 rice genotypes, including 12 rice lines and varieties from Rice Research Institute of Iran along with a regional (Khazar) and a local (Hashemi, Esteghlal, Yasmin and Osmancik) check in paddy areas of Iran, Azerbaijan, Turkey and Iraq as the first regional project for Central and West Asian countries under a research program entitled “Establishing a Multi-location Evaluation and Research Network for Genetic Enhancement in Central and West Asia (EMERGE-CWA)”. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with three replications. Simple and combined analysis of variance, comparison means of traits and stability analysis through GGE Biplot was conducted. Stability analysis results for yield based on compound analysis in three regions of Turkey, Iraq and Iran by GGE Biplot method revealed that the most stable genotypes are Gohar, Dorfak, 184104-34, 184104-11, 18333-12 and 18425-20, respectively. These genotypes had higher yield than average. This research resulted in selecting line 18426-56-3 in Turkey, Shiroodi and Dorfak varieties in Iraq, five promising line including 18425-20, 18436-56-3, 184104-34, 184104-11 and 18433-12 in Iran as the genotypes with high and intermediate yield and desirable agronomic and grain quality characteristics. These genotypes would be utilized in advanced trials of various rice breeding programs to release directly as new varieties.