تعيين سهم و اهميت صفات مورفولوژيك بر عملكرد ميوه ارقام هيبريد اصلاحي خيار گلخانه‌اي

Appointment of Importance and Portion of Morphological Traits on Fruit Yield in Breeding Hybrid Cultivars of Greenhouse Cucumber

به ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺻﻔﺎت زراﻋﯽ و ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﻣﯿﻮه 23 رﻗﻢ ﻫﯿﺒﺮﯾﺪ اﺻﻼح ﺷﺪة ﺧﯿﺎر ﮔﻠﺨﺎﻧﻪاي و ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ رواﺑﻂ ﺑﯿﻦ آنﻫﺎ، آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ در ﺳﺎل زراﻋﯽ 1393-94 در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﺑﻠﻮكﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻪ ﺗﮑﺮار در ﮔﻠﺨﺎﻧﮥ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎﺗﯽ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه آزاد اﺳﻼﻣﯽ واﺣﺪ اﺻﻔﻬﺎن )ﺧﻮراﺳﮕﺎن( اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﺟﻤﻊآوري ﺷﺪه ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﺻﻔﺎت ﻣﻮرﻓﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ، ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد و اﺟﺰاي ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﻋﺒﺎرت از: ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﮐﻞ و ﺗﻌﺪاد ﮐﻞ ﻣﯿﻮه، ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد و ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻣﯿﻮه در ﺳﻪ ﺑﺎزة زﻣﺎﻧﯽ )اﺑﺘﺪاي دوره، ﻣﯿﺎندوره، ﭘﺎﯾﺎن دوره(، ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺑﻮﺗﻪ، ﻃﻮل و ﻋﺮض ﺑﺮگ، ﻃﻮل و ﻗﻄﺮ ﻣﯿﻮه، ﻗﻄﺮ ﺳﺎﻗﻪ، روز ﺗﺎ ﮔﻠﺪﻫﯽ و ﻣﯿﻮهدﻫﯽ و اوﻟﯿﻦ ﮔﺮة ﮔﻠﺪار ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﺿﺮاﯾﺐ ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﺑﯿﻦ ﺻﻔﺎت ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻫﺮ ﯾﮏ از ﺻﻔﺎت ﺗﻌﺪاد ﮐﻞ ﻣﯿﻮه و ﻗﻄﺮ ﻣﯿﻮه ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ و ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري را ﺑﺎ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﮐﻞ ﻣﯿﻮه داﺷﺘﻨﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﺿﺮاﯾﺐ ﻣﺴﯿﺮ ﺑﺮاي ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﻣﯿﻮه ﺧﯿﺎر ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺻﻔﺖ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻣﯿﻮه ﺑﯿﺶﺗﺮﯾﻦ اﺛﺮ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ و ﻣﺜﺒﺖ را ﺑﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﻣﯿﻮه داﺷﺘﻪ ﻟﺬا اﯾﻦ ﺻﻔﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺑﯽ ﻣﻌﺮف ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺑﺎﻻي ﻣﯿﻮه ﺑﻮده و ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﻌﯿﺎري ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺟﻬﺖ ﮔﺰﯾﻨﺶ ارﻗﺎم ﺑﺎ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺑﺎﻻ ﻣﺤﺴﻮب ﺷﻮد. ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ رﮔﺮﺳﯿﻮن ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪاي ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ 96/30 درﺻﺪ از ﮐﻞ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﻣﯿﻮه ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎﯾﯽ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﮐﻞ ﻣﯿﻮه ﺗﻮﺟﯿﻪ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد. از ﻃﺮف دﯾﮕﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﮐﻞ ﻣﯿﻮه، ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد و ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻣﯿﻮة ﭘﺎﯾﺎن دوره، ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات ﺗﻌﺪاد ﮐﻞ ﻣﯿﻮه را ﺗﻮﺟﯿﻪ ﮐﺮدﻧﺪ.

In order to evaluate of agronomical traits and fruit yield in 23 breeding hybrid cultivars of greenhouse cucumber, and determine the relationship between these traits, a randomized complete block design with three replications was performed in the research greenhouse of Islamic Azad University, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch in 2014-15. Data was collected for these traits: total fruit yield, total fruit number, number and fruit yield on three periods, plant height, length and width of leaf, length and diameter of fruit, days to flowering and fruiting and the first flower node. Coefficient of correlations showed that total number of fruit and fruit diameter had significant and positive correlation with fruit yield. Path analysis revealed that fruit number had the highest direct and positive effect on fruit yield. Therefore this trait could be used as selection criterion for selecting genotypes with high fruit yield. Step wise regression showed that total fruit yield and fruit yield on mid fruit production period explained 96.30 percentage of fruit yield variation. On the other hand, total fruit yield and fruit number on final fruit production period explained the highest amount of total fruit number variation.