تأثير محلول پاشي پاكلوبوترازول و تاريخ كاشت در ميزان ساقه روي و عملكرد كشت پاييزه چغندرقند

Effect of Paclobutrazol Spraying and Planting Date on Bolting and Yield of Autumn Sown Sugar Beet

ﻫﻤﻮاره ﺳﺎﻗﻪ روي ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻣﺤﺪودﯾﺖ ﻫﺎي ﮐﺸﺖ ﭘﺎﯾﯿﺰه ﭼﻐﻨﺪرﻗﻨﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎر ﻣﯽ رود. در اﯾﻦ راﺳﺘﺎ آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﯾﻞ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﭘﺎﯾﻪ ﺑﻠﻮك ﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻪ ﺗﮑﺮار ﺑﺮ روي رﻗﻢ ﻧﯿﻤﻪ ﻣﻘﺎوم ﺷﺮﯾﻒ در اﯾﺴﺘﮕﺎه ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎﺗﯽ ﻣﻐﺎن در دو ﺳﺎل زراﻋﯽ 1395-1393 اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر اول آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ A)( ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ و ﺑﺎ ﺳﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ a1 )ﮐﺎﺷﺖ 18 ﻣﻬﺮ(، a2 )ﮐﺎﺷﺖ ﺳﻮم آﺑﺎن( و a3 )ﮐﺎﺷﺖ 25 آﺑﺎن( و ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر دوم آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ )B( ﻣﺤﻠﻮل ﭘﺎﺷﯽ ﭘﺎﮐﻠﻮﺑﻮﺗﺮازول ﺑﺎ دو ﺳﻄﺢ b1 )ﻣﺤﻠﻮل ﭘﺎﺷﯽ 300 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﮔﺮم در ﻟﯿﺘﺮ( وb2 )ﻋﺪم ﻣﺤﻠﻮل ﭘﺎﺷﯽ( ﺑﻮد. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﺠﺮﯾﻪ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﻣﺮﮐﺐ داده ﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ اﺛﺮ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ ﺑﺮ ﺻﻔﺎت درﺻﺪِ ﻗﻨﺪ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ اﺳﺘﺤﺼﺎل، ﺳﺪﯾﻢ رﯾﺸﻪ، ﺿﺮﯾﺐ اﺳﺘﺤﺼﺎل و ﻗﻨﺪ ﻣﻼس در ﺳﻄﺢ اﺣﺘﻤﺎل ﭘﻨﺞ درﺻﺪ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار ﺷﺪ و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ اﺛﺮ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ و ﭘﺎﮐﻠﻮﺑﻮﺗﺮازول ﻧﯿﺰ ﺟﻬﺖ ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﺳﺎﻗﻪ روي در ﺳﻄﺢ اﺣﺘﻤﺎل ﭘﻨﺞ درﺻﺪ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار ﺷﺪ. ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ داده ﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ اول ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺳﺎﻗﻪ روي و ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد رﯾﺸﻪ را ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﺎ 20/88 درﺻﺪ و 51/52 ﺗﻦ درﻫﮑﺘﺎر از ﺧﻮد ﻧﺸﺎن داد، و ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ دوم ﻧﯿﺰ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد رﯾﺸﮥ 50/8 ﺗﻦ در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر داﺷﺖ ﮐﻪ در ﮔﺮوه آﻣﺎري ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ اول ﻗﺮار داﺷﺖ. وﻟﯽ ﺳﺎﻗﻪ روي آن 5/29 درﺻﺪ ﺑﻮد. اﺛﺮ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ دوم و ﻣﺼﺮف ﭘﺎﮐﻠﻮﺑﻮﺗﺮازول ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﺎ 57/44 ﺗﻦ در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر و 4/23 درﺻﺪ، ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد رﯾﺸﻪ و ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺳﺎﻗﻪ روي را داﺷﺖ.

Bolting is always one of the limitations of sugar beet autumn cultivation. In this regard, a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted on semi-resistant cultivar of Sharif at Moghan Research Station during two seasons of 2014-16. Experimental factor A (planting date) with three levels including a1 (10th October), a2 (25th October) and a3 (16 November) and second experiment factor (B) paclobutrazol foliar application with two levels b1 (300 mg / l) and b2 (no spraying). The results of combined analysis of variance showed that the effect of planting date was significant at 5% probability level for the white sugar content, root sodium, extraction coefficient sugar and molasses sugar, and also the interaction between planting date and paclobutrazol was significant for bolting at 5% probability level. Comparison of the mean data showed that the first sowing date showed the highest bolting and root yield with 20.88% and 51.52 ton / ha, respectively, and the second sowing date had 50.8 ton / ha root yield. Which was in the same statistical group as the first planting date. But the bolting on it was 5.29%. The interaction effect of second planting date and consumption of paclobutrazol with 57.44 ton / ha and 4.23% had the highest root yield and the lowest bolting, respectively