قوم طوارق در شمال مالي (بررسي علل شورش طوارق در غرب آفريقا

Touareg in North of Mali (A study of Causes of Rebellion of Touareg in West Africa)

Africa has experienced a lot of crises, fights and coups in the last decade, some of which left lots of destruction. In the beginning of 1990ʹs,Touareg tribesmen, because of political and developmental isolation, rebelled against the government in north of Mali and during five years the rebellion changed into a civil war. It was not, however, supported by foreign powers and the regional conditions finally suggested peace. Then the government and the Touareg tribesmen decided to make peace. They signed a peace treaty in 1995 and in a ceremony in 1996, thousands of rebelsʹ guns were burned in a fire. As a result peace and calmness returned to the area. In this article, the author tried to study the political and geographical reasons of the rebellion and the causes of ending the crisis by reviewing the culture and the customs of Touareg and the role of foreign powers in this crisis and its continuation.