بررسي فراواني و زي تودة جوامع زئوپلانكتوني در استخرهاي پرورش ماهيان گرمابي استان مازندران

Study on abundance and biodiversity of zooplankton communities in Warm Fishes pools of Mazandaran province

ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ زﺋﻮﭘﻠﺎﻧﮑﺘﻮنﻫﺎي ﻫﺮ اﮐﻮﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ آﺑﯽ در ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ آن اﮐﻮﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﻣﺆﺛﺮ اﺳﺖ و ازآﻧﺠﺎﯾﯽﮐﻪ زﺋﻮﭘﻠﺎﻧﮑﺘﻮنﻫﺎ ﻧﻘﺶ اﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﻣﻮاد اوﻟﯿﮥ ﻓﺘﻮﺳﻨﺘﺰ ﺷﺪه ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻓﯿﺘﻮﭘﻠﺎﻧﮑﺘﻮنﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﻣﻮﺟﻮدات در ﺳﻄﻮح ﺑﺎﻟﺎﺗﺮ را دارﻧﺪ، داراي اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﺑﺴﺰاﯾﯽ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ در ﺳﺎل 1391 ﺑﺮ روي ﭼﻬﺎر اﺳﺘﺨﺮ ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﯽ واﻗﻊ در اﺳﺘﺎن ﻣﺎزﻧﺪران اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﻫﺮ ﯾﮏ از اﺳﺘﺨﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺖ 3 ﻫﮑﺘﺎر و ﻣﺴﺘﻄﯿﻞ ﺷﮑﻞ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺟﺪاﮔﺎﻧﻪ از آب ﭼﺎه آﺑﮕﯿﺮي ﻣﯽﺷﺪﻧﺪ و ﺗﺤﺖ ﯾﮏ ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﻗﺮار داﺷﺘﻨﺪ. ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﺑﺮداري ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺗﻮر ﺑﺎ ﭼﺸﻤﮥ 55 ﻣﯿﮑﺮون ﻫﺮ 15 روز ﯾﮏﺑﺎر ﻃﯽ ﻣﺎهﻫﺎي ﺗﯿﺮ، ﻣﺮداد و ﺷﻬﺮﯾﻮر اﻧﺠﺎم و ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎ در آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﮕﺎه ﻣﻮرد ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ، ﺷﻤﺎرش و ﭘﺮدازش اﻃﻠﺎﻋﺎت ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. در ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ 6 ﮔﺮوه ﺷﺎﻣﻞ 1 ﺟﻨﺲ از زﯾﺮردة Copepoda )ﭘﺎروﭘﺎﯾﺎن(، 9 ﺟﻨﺲ از ﺷﺎﺧﮥ Rotifera )ﮔﺮدانﺗﻨﺎن(، 5 ﺟﻨﺲ از ﺳﻠﺴﻠﮥ Protozoa )آﻏﺎزﯾﺎن(، 1 ﺟﻨﺲ از راﺳﺘﮥ Cladocera )آﻧﺘﻦﻣﻨﺸﻌﺒﺎن(، 1 ﺟﻨﺲ ﻣﺮوﭘﻠﺎﻧﮑﺘﻮن از ﺷﺎﺧﮥ Mollusca )ﻧﺮمﺗﻨﺎن( و 2 ﺟﻨﺲ ﻣﺮوﭘﻠﺎﻧﮑﺘﻮن ﻧﯿﺰ از ﺷﺎﺧﮥ Cirripedia )ﻣﮋهﭘﺎﯾﺎن( ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ درﺻﺪ ﮔﺮوهﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ زﺋﻮﭘﻠﺎﻧﮑﺘﻮن در اﺳﺘﺨﺮﻫﺎي ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺎن ﮔﺮﻣﺎﺑﯽ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ Protozoa ﺑﺎ 44% از ﮐﻞ ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ دو ﺟﻨﺲ Ciliata ﺑﺎ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﺗﺮاﮐﻢ 8544/7 )ﺗﻌﺪاد در ﻣﺘﺮﻣﮑﻌﺐ( و Vorticella ﺑﺎ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﺗﺮاﮐﻢ 5128/05 )ﺗﻌﺪاد در ﻣﺘﺮﻣﮑﻌﺐ( ﺑﻮد. ازآﻧﺠﺎﯾﯽﮐﻪ اﯾﻦ ﮔﺮوه ازﻧﻈﺮ اﻧﺪازه ﮐﻮﭼﮏ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ، روﺗﯿﻔﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ زيﺗﻮده را داﺷﺘﻨﺪ ﺑﻪﻃﻮريﮐﻪ،Brachionus sp. ﻏﺎﻟﺐ ﺑﻮده و 65% ﮐﻞ زيﺗﻮده ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﺟﻨﺲ اﺧﺘﺼﺎص داﺷﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻧﺸﺎندﻫﻨﺪة ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﻧﺴﺒﺘﺎً ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺗﻐﺬﯾﮥ ﻫﯿﺎن در اﺳﺘﺨﺮﻫﺎ اﺳﺖ.

Knowing the zooplankton of any aquatic ecosystem is very effective in managing this ecosystem. This study was a research result in 1391 years. In this study, Zooplankton of four water pools located in Mazandaran province, with the geographical position of "12 ', 68 ° 36 north and" 76 ' 41 ° 53 in the east were studied. Each of the pools was in the area of 3 hectares and rectangular, each of which was mishdend from water wells and under one management. Sampling was sampled by a sampler with mesh size 55-micron, in July, August and September, every 15 days and then data was collected at the Laboratory for identification, counting and data. In the present study, six groups of zooplankton including 1 genus Copepoda, 9 genera Rotifera and 5 genera Protozoa, 1 Cladocera, 1 Mollusca and 2 Cirripedia genuses were identified. The highest percentage of zooplankton groups in hydrothermal pools was related to Protozoa (44%), which belonged to two genera Ciliata with a mean density of 8544.7 ± 7 (number per cubic meter) and Vorticella with a mean density of 5128.05 ± 05 Number in m 3), and since this group of zooplankton was not suitable for feeding, they were not fed to infants, resulting in better conditions for growth, and the rotifers had the most masses, of which Brachionus sp dominated that 65% of this genus is devoted to the relatively good conditions for feeding fish in these pools.