بررسي پراكنش و فراواني پلانكتوني در راستاي توسعة آبزيپروري در درياچة سد

Investigation of the distribution and frequency of plankton in line with the development of aquaculture in Ghalachai Dam Lake

ﭼﮑﯿﺪه در ﻃﺮح ﺗﻮﺳــﻌﮥ آﺑﺰيﭘﺮوري و اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ در درﯾﺎﭼﮥ ﭘﺸــﺖ ﺳــﺪ ﻗﻠﻌﻪ ﭼﺎي در ﻋﺠﺐﺷــﯿﺮ آذرﺑﺎﯾﺠﺎن ﺷــﺮﻗﯽ، ﺑﺮرﺳــﯽﻫﺎي ﭘﻼﻧﮑﺘﻮﻧﯽ ﺑﻪﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﭘﺎﯾﻪ در ﺟﻬﺖ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪات ﻣﺎﻫﯽ در اﯾﻦ درﯾﺎﭼﻪ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷــﺪ. در اﯾﻦ ﻃﺮح 5 اﯾﺴــﺘﮕﺎه ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺗﯽ در ﻣﺤﻮﻃﮥ درﯾﺎﭼﮥ ﺳﺪ و ورودي رودﺧﺎﻧﻪ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺮرﺳﯽﻫﺎ ﺑﻪﺻﻮرت ﻓﺼﻠﯽ از زﻣﺴﺘﺎن ﺳﺎل 1389 ﺷﺮوع و ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت ﯾﮏ ﺳــﺎل ﺗﺎ ﭘﺎﯾﯿﺰ 1390 اداﻣﻪ ﯾﺎﻓﺖ. ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮرﺳــﯽ ﻓﯿﺘﻮﭘﻼﻧﮑﺘﻮن ﯾﮏ ﻟﯿﺘﺮ آب )ﻓﯿﻠﺘﺮ ﻧﺸــﺪه( وﺟﻬﺖ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﺑﺮداري زﺋﻮﭘﻼﻧﮑﺘﻮن ﻧﯿﺰ 30 ﻟﯿﺘﺮ آب ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺗﻮر ﺷﮑﺎر زﺋﻮﭘﻼﻧﮑﺘﻮن30 ﻣﯿﮑﺮون ﻓﯿﻠﺘﺮ ﺷﺪ. ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻟﯿﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ 4 درﺻﺪ ﻓﯿﮑﺲ ﺷﺪه و در آزﻣﺎﯾ ﺸﮕﺎه ﺑﻌﺪ از آﻣﺎده ﺳﺎزي، ﺑﺎ ﻣﯿﮑﺮو ﺳﮑﻮپ اﯾﻨﻮرت ﺷﻨﺎ ﺳﺎﯾﯽ و ﺷﻤﺎرش ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. در ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﻓﯿﺘﻮﭘﻼﻧﮑﺘﻮﻧﯽ 27 ﺟﻨﺲ از 5 ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻓﺮاواﻧﯽ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﺷﺎﺧﮥ ﺑﺎﺳﯿﻼرﯾﻮﻓﯿﺘﺎ ﺑﻮده ﮐﻪ 81/1 درﺻﺪ ﺗﺮاﮐﻢ ﻓﯿﺘﻮﭘﻼﻧﮑﺘﻮﻧﯽ را ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮد اﺧﺘ ﺼﺎص داده و ﺟﻨﺲﻫﺎي ﻣﻬﻢ آن ﻋﺒﺎرت از Nitzschia ،Cyclotella ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. در ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت زﺋﻮﭘﻼﻧﮑﺘﻮﻧﯽ درﻣﺠﻤﻮع 5 ﺷــﺎﺧﻪ زﺋﻮﭘﻼﻧﮑﺘﻮﻧﯽ و 23 ﺟﻨﺲ ﺷــﻨﺎﺳــﺎﯾﯽ ﺷــﺪﻧﺪ. ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ زﺋﻮﭘﻼﻧﮑﺘﻮﻧﯽ درﯾﺎﭼﮥ ﻣﺨﺰﻧﯽ ﻗﻠﻌﻪﭼﺎي ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﺷــﺎﺧﮥ ﺳـــﯿﻠﯿﻮﻓﻮرا )ﻣﮋهداران( ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ ﺟﻨﺲﻫﺎي ﻣﻬﻢ آن ﻋﺒﺎرت از Tintinnopsis و Tintinnidium ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. درﻣﺠﻤﻮع ﻣﮋهداران ﺑﺎ 68/1 در ﺻﺪ ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ زﺋﻮﭘﻼﻧﮑﺘﻮﻧﯽ درﯾﺎﭼﻪ، ﺑﯿ ﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻓﺮاواﻧﯽ را دا ﺷﺘﻨﺪ. ﻣﻘﺎﯾ ﺴﮥ ﻣ ﺸﺎﻫﺪات ﭘﻼﻧﮑﺘﻮﻧﯽ ﻧ ﺸﺎن داده ﮐﻪ اﯾﻦ ﺳﺪ ﻣﺨﺰﻧﯽ داراي اﺳـــﺘﻌﺪاد و داراي ﮔﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﺎﺳـــﺐ ﭘﻼﻧﮑﺘﻮﻧﯽ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﻐﺬﯾﻪ و ﭘﺮورش ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺎن و ﻻروﻫﺎي آنﻫﺎ ﺑﻮده، ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ ﻣﯽﺗﻮان از ذﺧﺎﯾﺮ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ آﺑﯽ ﺟﻬﺖ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺎن ﺑﺎارزش ﺷﯿﻼﺗﯽ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮐﺮد.

In the plan of developing aquaculture and increasing production in the lake behind Ghalachai dam in Ajab Shir, East Azerbaijan, plankton studies were considered as basic studies to increase fish production in this lake. In this project, 5 study stations were considered in the area of the dam lake and the river entrance. The studies started quarterly from the winter of 2010 and continued for one year until the fall of 2011. For phytoplankton, one liter of water (unfiltered) was filtered for sampling of zooplankton, and 30 liters of water was filtered by a 30-micron zooplankton net. In phytoplankton studies, 27 genera from 5 Phyla were identified. The highest frequency is related to the Bacillariophyta, which has %81.1 of phytoplankton density and its important genera are Cyclotella and Nitzschia. The highest frequency is related to the Phylum Ciliophora, which has %68.1 of zooplankton population in this lake and its important genera are Tintinnopsis and Tintinnidium. Comparison of planktonic observations and physical and chemical data of water, showed that Ghalae chay lake have talents and suitable planktonic species for feeding and rearing their fish. Thus, Natural reserves of this source can be used to increase the value of fishery fish.