ترجمة نمايشنامه هاي فارسي در جهان عرب

Translation of Persian Drama in the Arab World

ﻤﺎﯾﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻧﻮﯾﺴﻲ ﻓﺎرﺳﻲ ﮐﻪ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ آﺷﻨﺎﯾﻲ اﯾﺮاﻧﯿﺎن ﺑﺎ ادﺑﯿﺎت ﻏﺮﺑﻲ و از ﻫﻤﻪ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺗﺮ، ﻓﺮاﻧﺴﻪ و اﻧﮕﻠيسي ﺑﻮد، ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ رﺷﺪ ﮐﺮد و اﻓﺮادي ﭼﻮن ﺻﺎدق ﻫﺪاﯾﺖ، ﺑﻬﺮام ﺑﯿﻀﺎﺋﻲ، ﺣﺴﻦ ﻣﻘﺪّم از ﺳﺮآﻣﺪان اﯾﻦ ﻧﻮع ادﺑﻲ د ﻤﺎرﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ آﺛﺎر آﻧﺎن ﻫﺮﭼﻨﺪ ﮐﻤﻲ دﯾﺮ، وﻟﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮري وﺳﯿﻊ در ﺟﻬـﺎن ﻋـﺮب ﺑـﺎ اﺳـﺘﻘﺒﺎل ﻣﺘﺮﺟﻤـﺎن روﺑـ ﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ درﺻﺪد اﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ ﺑﺎ روش ﺗﺎرﯾﺨﻲ ـ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﻲ ﺑﻪ ارزﯾﺎﺑﻲ روﻧﺪ ﺗﺮﺟﻤـﮥ ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺸـﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻫـﺎي ادب ﻓﺎرﺳﻲ در ﺟﻬﺎن ﻋﺮب از ﺷﺎم و ﻣﺼﺮ ﺗﺎ ﻋﺮاق و ﮐﻮﯾﺖ ﺑﭙﺮدازد و ﻧﻤﺎﯾﻲ روﺷﻦ از ﺗـﻼش ﻫـﺎي ﻣﺘﺮﺟﻤـﺎن ﻋﺮب اﯾﻦ ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺎ اراﺋﻪ دﻫﺪ، ﻫﻤﭽﻨﺎن ﮐﻪ در ﻧﻈﺮ دارد ﺗﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻧﮕﺎﻫﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺟﻤﮥ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻫﺎ، آن ﻫﺎ را ﻧﻘﺪ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﯿﺎﻧﮕﺮ آن اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺗﺮﺟﻤﮥ ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻓﺎرﺳﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻋﺮﺑﻲ ﺳﺎﺑﻘﮥ ﭼﻨﺪاﻧﻲ ﻧـﺪارد و ﺑـﺎ ﺗﺮﺟﻤﮥ »اﺑﺮ زﻣﺎﻧﻪ و اﺑﺮ زﻟﻒ« اﺛﺮ دﮐﺘـﺮ ﻣﺤﻤـﺪ اﺳـﻼﻣﻲ ﻧﺪوﺷـﻦ، ﺑـﻪ ﻗﻠـﻢ اﺑـﺮاﻫﯿﻢ اﻟﺪﺳـﻮﻗﻲ ﺷـﺘﺎ ﺑـﻪ ﺳـﺎل 1988ﻣﯿﻼدي آﻏﺎز ﺷﺪ و ﺑﺎ ﺗﺮﺟﻤﮥ »ﻃﻮﻣﺎر ﺷﯿﺦ ﺷﺮزﯾﻦ« اﺛﺮ ﺑﻬﺮام ﺑﯿﻀﺎﯾﻲ در ﺳﺎل 1994ﻣﯿﻼدي اداﻣﻪ ﯾﺎﻓﺖ. اﻟﺒﺘﻪ در ﻫﻤﯿﻦ ﻣﺪت ﮐﻮﺗﺎه، ﺑﺴﯿﺎري از ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺸﻬﻮر ﻓﺎرﺳﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻋﺮﺑﻲ ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪ ﺷﺪ. در ﺗﺮﺟﻤـ ﮥ ﻋﻨـﺎوﯾﻦ ﻣﺘﺮﺟﻤﺎن روش ﺗﺮﺟﻤﮥ ﻟﻔﻆ ﺑﻪ ﻟﻔﻆ را اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﮐﺮده اﻧﺪ و ﺳﻌﻲ ﺑﺮ آن داﺷﺘﻪ اﻧﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﻋﻨﻮان ﻫﺎي ﻓﺎرسي در ترجه حفظ كنند

Persian playwriting, which was the result of Iranian acquaintance with Western literature, and most importantly, French and English, grew rapidly and people such as Sadeq Hedayat, Bahram Bayzaee and Hassan Moghaddam are the leading figures in this kind of literature whose works, although somewhat late, have been so widely accepted in the Arab world by translators. The present study seeks to assess the process of translation of Persian literature plays in the Arab world from Damascus and Egypt to Iraq and Kuwait with a descriptive historical method and offers a clear picture of the efforts of Arab translators in these plays as well as this article intends to review and critique them by looking at the translation of the titles. The findings of the present study indicate that the translation of Persian plays into Arabic does not have much history and it began in 1988 with the translation of Time’s Cloud and Zulf’s Cloud by Dr. Mohammad Islami Nodoshan, by Ibrahim al-Dussouqi Shta and continued with the translation of Sheikh Sherzyn's Petition by Bahram Beyzaee in 1994. Of course, at the same time, many famous Persian plays or drama have been translated into Arabic. The translators have also chosen the word translation method in the translation of the titles and have tried to maintain the structure of Persian titles in translation