بررسي تطبيقي مضامين پايداري در شعر بهزاد كرمانشاهي و محمدمهدي الجواهري

Comparative Study of Sustainability Themes in Behzad Kermanshahi and Muhammad Mahdi al- Jawahiri Poetry

ﺳﺮوده ﻫﺎ و ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺷﻮراﻧﮕﯿﺰي ﮐﻪ در ﻃﻮل ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ، ﺑﯿﺪادﮔﺮي و ﺑﯿﺪادﮔﺮان را ﻣﺤﮑﻮم، و در ﻣﻘﺎﺑـﻞ آن، آزادي و آزادﮔﯽ را ﺳﺘﺎﯾﺶ ﮐﺮده اﻧﺪ، ﺟﺰء ادﺑﯿﺎت ﭘﺎﯾﺪاري ﻣﺤﺴﻮب ﻣـﯽ ﺷـﻮﻧﺪ. در ﻫﻤـﯿﻦ راﺳـﺘﺎ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﺎر ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺮ آن اﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺷﯿﻮۀ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ ـ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس دﯾـﺪﮔﺎه ﻣﮑﺘﺒـﯽ از ﻣﮑﺎﺗـﺐ ادﺑﯿـﺎت ﺗﻄﺒﯿﻘﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺷﺮط ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﮥ ﺑﯿﻦ دو ﺷﺎﻋﺮ را ﺻﺮﻓﺎً وﺟﻮد زﻣﯿﻨﻪ ﻫـﺎي ﺗـﺄﺛﯿﺮ و ﺗـﺄﺛﺮ ﻧﻤـﯽ داﻧـﺪ، ﺑﻠﮑـﻪ ﺑـﻪ زﯾﺒﺎﯾﯽ ﻫﺎي ﻫﻨﺮي آﺛﺎر دو ﺷﺎﻋﺮ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ دارد، ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺟﻠﻮه ﻫﺎي ﭘﺎﯾـﺪاري و ﻣﻘﺎوﻣـﺖ در ﺷـﻌﺮ ﺑﻬـﺰاد ﮐﺮﻣﺎﻧﺸﺎﻫﯽ )ﺷﺎﻋﺮ اﯾﺮاﻧﯽ( و ﻣﺤﻤﺪﻣﻬﺪي اﻟﺠـﻮاﻫﺮي )ﺷـﺎﻋﺮ ﻋﺮاﻗـﯽ ( ﺑﭙـﺮدازد. ﺑﺮرﺳـﯽ ﻫـﺎي اوﻟﯿـ ﮥ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽ دﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ در ﺷﻌﺮ دو ﺷﺎﻋﺮ، ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎﯾﯽ از ﭘﺎﯾﺪاري و ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ در ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﻇﻠﻢ و ﺳـ ﺘﻢ و ﺗﺠﺎوز دﺷﻤﻦ ﺧﺎرﺟﯽ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮد ﮐﻪ ﻟﺤﻦ و ﺳﺒﮏ ﻫﺮ دو ﺷﺎﻋﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑـﻪ ﺷـﺮاﯾﻂ ﺳﯿﺎﺳـﯽ و اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ ﺣﺎﮐﻢ ﺑﺮ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ آن دو، ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت اﺳﺖ و اﯾﻦ ﻣﻀﺎﻣﯿﻦ در ﺷـﻌﺮ آن ﻫـﺎ در ﻗﺎﻟـﺐ ﻣﻮﺿـﻮﻋﺎﺗﯽ ﭼﻮن ﻣﯿﻬﻦ ﭘﺮﺳﺘﯽ، ﻣﺒﺎرزه ﺑﺎ دﺷﻤﻦ، اﻧﺘﻘﺎد از ﺣﺎﮐﻤﺎن وﻗﺖ، ﺳـﺘﺎﯾﺶ از اﻣﺎﻣـﺎن ع( و ﺷﺨﺼـﯿﺖ ﻫـﺎي ﻣﺬﻫﺒﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻧﻤﺎد ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﺟﻠﻮه ﮔﺮ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ.

The passionate poems and writings that have condemned oppressors in their history, and in front of it, they admired freedom and liberty, all is components of sustainability literature. In this regard, the present article is in descriptive-analytic method and an‎d has been done according to the school's view of comparative literature schools, which does not merely consider the existence of an influence on the conditions of comparison between the two poets an‎d it focuses on the artistic beauty of the works of the two poets, examines signs of Stability and resistance in Behzad Kermanshahi's poetry and Iraqi poet Muhammad Mahdi al-Jawahiri's poetry. Initial research studies show that in the poetry of two poets, we can see signs of resistance to oppression and the invasion of foreign enemies and the tone and style of the two poets differ according to the political and social conditions governing their life, and these themes appear in their poetry in the form of patriotism, fighting against the enemy, criticizing the rulers of time, praising the Imams (as) and religious figures as a symbol of resistance