كليدواژه :
ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪ , ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ , ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﻣﺎدّي , ﻧﯿﻮﻣﺎرك
چكيده فارسي :
ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ. ﻧﯿﻮﻣﺎرك، از ﻧﻈﺮﯾﻪ ﭘﺮدازان ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﻣﻌﺎﺻﺮ در زﻣﯿﻨﮥ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪ، ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ را ﺑﻪ ﭘﻨﺞ دﺳﺘﻪ ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢ ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ و ﺑﺎ ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎد 17 روش در ﺗﺮﺟﻤﮥ اﯾﻦ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ، ﺳـﻌﯽ ﮐـﺮده ﺗـﺎ راﻫﮑﺎرﻫـﺎي ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺗﺮي در ﭘﯿﺶ روي ﻣﺘﺮﺟﻤﺎن ﻗﺮار دﻫﺪ. در اﯾﻦ راﺳﺘﺎ، ﻧﻮﯾﺴﻨﺪﮔﺎن ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﺳﻌﯽ ﮐﺮده اﻧﺪ ﺗﺎ در اﯾﻦ «ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺎ روش ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ ـ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ، ﻧﻘﺶ ﯾﮑﯽ از اﯾﻦ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎم ﻋﻨﺼﺮ »ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﻣﺎدّي را ﺑﺎ ﺗﮑﯿﻪ ﺑﺮ ﭼﺎرﭼﻮب ﻧﻈﺮي ﻧﯿﻮﻣﺎرك ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺗﺮ ﮐﻨﻨﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﻧﺸـﺎن ﻣـﯽ دﻫـﺪ ﮐـﻪ در ﻋ »ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﻣﺎدّي« اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش »ﺗﻠﻔﯿﻘﯽ« ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﯾﺮ روش ﻫﺎ ﭘﺮﮐـﺎرﺑﺮدﺗﺮ اﺳـﺖ، اﻣـﺎ ﻣﺘﺄﺳـﻔﺎنه ﻣﺘﺮﺟﻤﺎﻧﯽ ﮐﻪ در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ آﺛﺎر آﻧﺎن ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺷﺪه، در ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﻣﻮارد ﻓﻘﻂ از روش »اﻧﺘﻘـﺎل « اﺳـﺘﻔﺎده ﻧﻤﻮده اﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ اﯾﻦ اﻣﺮ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ اﺑﻬﺎم و ﭘﯿﭽﯿﺪﮔﯽ در ﻓﻬﻢ ﺑﺮﺧﯽ از اﺳﺎﻣﯽ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ، ﻫﺮﭼﻨﺪ ﻣﺘﺮﺟﻤﺎن ﻣﻮرد ﺮ ﺗﻮاﻧﺴﺘﻪ اﻧﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎرﮔﯿﺮي روش ﻫﺎي دﯾﮕﺮي ﭼﻮن »ﺑـﻮﻣﯽ ﺳـﺎزي «، »ﻣﻌـﺎدل ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕـﯽ «، »ﻣﻌـﺎدل ﮐﺎرﮐﺮدي«، »ﻣﻌﺎدل ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ«، »ﻣﺘﺮادف«، »ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ ﯾﺎ ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺰﯾﻨﯽ« و »ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﺤﺘﻮا« ﺑـﻪ ﺧـﻮﺑﯽ از ﻋﻬـﺪۀ ﺗﺮﺟﻤﮥ ﻋﻨﺼﺮ »ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ ﻣﺎدّي« ﺑﺮآﯾﻨﺪ.
چكيده لاتين :
Since countries and languages have been linked, "translation" has been a
means of culture transmission. Newmark, contemporary theorists of
translation studies, divides cultural elements into five categories and by
suggesting 17 ways to translate these elements and he has tried to
provide translators with more appropriate solutions. Therefore, in this
descriptive-analytical research, the authors of the paper have tried to
make it more relevant, highlighting the role of one of these cultural
elements called the material culture element, relying on Newmark's
theoretical framework. The results show that in the material culture
element, the use of the "integrated" or Compound method is more
common than other methods. But, unfortunately, the translators who
examined their work in this study, in most cases they have only used the
"transfer" method, which has led to some ambiguity and complexity in
understanding some names. However, these translators have been able to
translate the material culture element well by using other methods such
as "localization", "cultural equivalent", "functional equivalent",
"descriptive equivalent", "synonym", "change or replace" and " content
analysis".
