بررسي اثرات عصاره ميوه عناب (Ziziphus jujube) بر استرس اكسيداتيو هيپو كامپي و اختلال حافظه فضايي القاء شده با مورفين در موش صحرايي نر

ﻫﻴﭙﻮﻛﺎﻣﭗ ﻳﻜﻲ از ﻧﻮاﺣﻲ اﺻﻠﻲ دﺧﻴﻞ در ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪ ﻳﺎدﮔﻴﺮي و اﻛﺘﺴﺎب ﺣﺎﻓﻈﻪ ﻓﻀﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. داروﻫﺎي اﭘﻴﻮﺋﻴﺪي ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻣﻮرﻓﻴﻦ ﺳﺒﺐ اﺧﺘﻼل در ﺣﺎﻓﻈﻪ ﻓﻀﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد. ﻋﺼﺎره ﻣﻴﻮه ﻋﻨﺎب ﺑﺎ ﺧﻮاص آﻧﺘﻲ اﻛﺴﻴﺪاﻧﻲ ﺳﺒﺐ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ اﺳﺘﺮس اﻛﺴﻴﺪاﺗﻴﻮ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد. ﻫﺪف از ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ اﺛﺮ ﻋﺼﺎره ﻣﻴﻮه ﻋﻨﺎب ﺑﺮ اﺧﺘﻼل ﺣﺎﻓﻈﻪ ﻓﻀﺎﻳﻲ ﻧﺎﺷﻲ از ﻣﻮرﻓﻴﻦ و ﺳﻨﺠﺶ آﻧﺰﻳﻢ ﻫﺎي ﻫﻴﭙﻮﻛﺎﻣﭙﻲ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. دراﻳﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻲ ﻣﻮش ﻫﺎ ﺑﺼﻮرت ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺶ ﮔﺮوه 7 ﺗﺎﻳﻲ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﮔﺮوه ﻛﻨﺘﺮل، ﮔﺮوه ﻣﻮرﻓﻴﻦ 0/5ﻣﻴﻠﻲ ﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﻣﻮرﻓﻴﻦ ﺑﺼﻮرت درون ﺻﻔﺎﻗﻲ، ﮔﺮوه ﻫﺎي ﻋﺼﺎره 100 و 200 ﻣﻴﻠﻲ ﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﺑﻌﻼوه ﺳﺎﻟﻴﻦ،ﮔﺮوه ﻫﺎي ﻋﺼﺎره 100 و 200 ﻣﻴﻠﻲ ﮔﺮم ﺑﺮ ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﺑﻌﻼوه ﻣﻮرﻓﻴﻦ، ﻋﺼﺎره را ﺑﺼﻮرت ﮔﺎواژ و ﻣﻮرﻓﻴﻦ ﺑﺼﻮرت درون ﺻﻔﺎﻗﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت 30 روز درﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻛﺮدﻧﺪ. ﺣﺎﻓﻈﻪ ﻓﻀﺎﻳﻲ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ آزﻣﻮن ﻣﺎز ﺻﻠﻴﺒﻲ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ از زﻣﻴﻨﻪ ارزﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﺷﺪ. ﺑﻌﺪ از ﺟﺪاﺳﺎزي و ﻫﻤﻮژن ﻛﺮدن ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻫﻴﭙﻮﻛﺎﻣﭗ، ﺳﻨﺠﺶ آﻧﺰﻳﻢ ﻫﺎي ﻛﺎﺗﺎﻻز، ﺳﻮﭘﺮاﻛﺴﻴﺪ دﻳﺴﻤﻮﺗﺎز و اﺳﺘﻴﻞ ﻛﻮﻟﻴﻦ اﺳﺘﺮاز اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. زﻣﺎن ورود ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎزوي ﺑﺴﺘﻪ )Time latency( ﮔﺮوه ﻣﻮرﻓﻴﻦ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ از ﮔﺮوه ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺑﻮد. ﮔﺮوه ﻋﺼﺎره ﻋﻨﺎب 200 ﺑﻌﻼوه ﻣﻮرﻓﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻌﻨﻲ داري در روزﻫﺎي 15و 16 P<0/05 30 و 31 )P<0/01( ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮوه ﻣﻮرﻓﻴﻦ در Time latency ﻧﺸﺎن داد. ﺗﺰرﻳﻖ ﻋﺼﺎره 100 و 200 ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮوه ﻣﻮرﻓﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ آﻧﺰﻳﻢ ﻫﺎ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﮔﺮوه ﻣﻮرﻓﻴﻦ ﺷﺪ اﻣﺎ ﻣﻌﻨﻲ دار ﻧﺒﻮد P<0/05(. ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻛﻪ ﻋﺼﺎره ﻋﻨﺎب اﺧﺘﻼل ﺣﺎﻓﻈﻪ ﻓﻀﺎﻳﻲ اﻟﻘﺎ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎ ﻣﻮرﻓﻴﻦ و زﻣﺎن ورود ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎزوي ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﻲ دﻫﺪ.

The hippocampus is one of the main areas involved in the learning and acquisition of spatial memory. Opioid drugs such as morphine cause spatial memory impairment. Jujube fruit extract with antioxidant properties reduces oxidative stress. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of jujube fruit extract on morphine-induced spatial memory impairment and enzyme assay in hippocampus of rats. In this experimental study, Forty two male rats were classified randomly into six groups of seven. The control group (saline and gavage), Morphine group: (0.5 mg / kg morphine ip), Group 3 and 4; (100 and 200 mg/kg extract + saline), Groups 5 and 6 (100 and 200 mg/kg extract + 0.5 mg/kg morphine) received extract as gavage and morphine intraperitoneally for 30 days. Space memory was evaluated by elevated plus maze test. After separation and hippocampus tissue homogenates, acetylcholinesterase, catalase and superoxide dismutase activity were measured. The time latency in morphine-treated group was higher than control. The extract group of 200 plus morphine showed a significant decrease in time latency on days 15 and 16 (P<0.05) and on days 30 and 31 (P<0.01) compared to morphine group. In the enzyme tests, injection of 100 and 200 extracts to morphine group increased enzyme activity compared to morphine group, but was not significant(P>0.05). The results revealed that that jujube extracts attenuated morphine-induced memory impairment and time latency in rats.