ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﻫﯿﺴﺘﻮﻣﻮرﻓﻮﻣﺘﺮﯾﮏ و ﻫﯿﺴﺘﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ ﺷﻨﺎي اﺳﺘﻘﺎﻣﺘﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺑﯿﻀﻪي ﻣﻮشﻫﺎي ﺑﺎﻟﻎ ﻧﺮ وﯾﺴﺘﺎر

Histomorphometric and Histologic Effect of Endurance Swimming on the Testis of Adult Wistar Rats

ﺳﺎﺑﻘﻪ و ﻫﺪف: ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﺑﺪﻧﯽ در ﮐﻨﺎر اﺛﺮ ﻣﻄﻠﻮب ﺑﺮ ﺑﺮﺧﯽ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢﻫﺎي ﺑﺪﻧﯽ ﻣﻤﮑﻦ اﺳﺖ ﺑﺎ اﺧﺘﻼل ﺑﺮﺧﯽ دﯾﮕﺮ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺑﺎ وﺟﻮد اﯾﻨﮑﻪ ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ اﺳﺘﻘﺎﻣﺘﯽ »ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﻃﻼﯾﯽ« ﺑﺮاي ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎر ﻣﯽرود؛ اﻣﺎ ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺗﯽ اﯾﻦ ﻧﻮع ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﺎ اﺧﺘﻼل ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺎﺷﺪ؛ ﻫﺪف از ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪي ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮ ﺷﻨﺎي اﺳﺘﻘﺎﻣﺘﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي ﻫﯿﺴﺘﻮﻣﻮرﻓﻮﻣﺘﺮﯾﮏ ﺑﯿﻀﻪ ﻣﻮش ﺻﺤﺮاﯾﯽ ﻧﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻎ وﯾﺴﺘﺎر )ﻣﻮش( ﺑﻮد. ﻣﻮاد و روﺷﻬﺎ: ﺑﺮاي اﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر 10 ﻣﻮش، ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﻪ 2 ﮔﺮوه ﺷﺎﻫﺪ )5=n( و ﺷﻨﺎي اﺳﺘﻘﺎﻣﺘﯽ )5=n( ﺗﻘﺴﯿﻢ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﻣﻮشﻫﺎي ﮔﺮوه آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ 6 ﻫﻔﺘﻪ، ﻫﻔﺘﻪاي ﺳﻪ ﺟﻠﺴﻪ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺷﻨﺎي اﺳﺘﻘﺎﻣﺘﯽ 45 دﻗﯿﻘﻪاي ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. 48 ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﭘﺲ از آﺧﺮﯾﻦ ﺟﻠﺴﻪ ﺷﻨﺎ، ﻣﻮشﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ روش آﺳﺎنﮐﺸﯽ ﻗﺮﺑﺎﻧﯽ و ﺑﺎ ﻓﺘﻬﺎ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎي ﻫﯿﺴﺘﻮﻣﻮرﻓﻮﻣﺘﺮﯾﮏ ﺑﻪ آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﮕﺎه ارﺳﺎل ﺷﺪ. دادهﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ آزﻣﻮن t ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ در ﺳﻄﺢ آﻟﻔﺎي 0/05 در ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار SPSS ﻧﺴﺨﻪي 24 ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﺷﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: ﺷـﺎﺧﺺ ﻫﺎي ﺗﻤﺎﯾﺰ ﻟﻮﻟﻪاي)p =0/001) (TDI(، ﺿـﺮﯾﺐ ﺗﺠﻤﻌﯽ )p=0/00)(RI(، ﺷﺎﺧﺺ اﺳﭙﺮﻣﯿﻮژﻧﺰ)p =0/00)(SI(، ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺳــﻠﻮل ﻫﺎي ﺳـــﺮﺗﻮﻟﯽ )0/01= p( ﮔﺮوه ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ در ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴـــﻪ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﺑﻪﻃﻮر ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري ﮐﻤﺘﺮ ﺑﻮد؛ اﻣﺎ ﺗﻔﺎوت از ﻧﻈﺮ ﺷـــﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي ﺳـــﻠﻮلﻫـﺎي ﻟﯿﺪﯾﮓ )0/45=p(، ﺿـــﺨﺎﻣﺖ ﮐﭙﺴـــﻮل ﺑﯿﻀـــﻪ )0/07=p(، ﻗﻄﺮ ﻟﻮﻟﻪي اﺳـــﭙﺮمﺳـــﺎز)0/92=p(، ارﺗﻔﺎع اﭘﯽﺗﻠﯿﻮم ﻟﻮﻟﻪي اﺳــﭙﺮمﺳــﺎز)0/117=p(، ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎي اﺳــﭙﺮمﺳــﺎز )0/51= p( و ﻗﻄﺮ ﻟﻮﻣﻦ داﺧﻠﯽ ﻟﻮﻟﻪﻫﺎي اﺳــﭙﺮمﺳــﺎز )0/29= p( ﻣﻌﻨﯽدار ﻧﺒﻮد. ﻧﻤﺎي ﻫﯿﺴﺘﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮑﯽ ﺑﯿﻀﻪ ﮔﺮوه ﺷﻨﺎ ﺣﺎﮐﯽ از اﺧﺘﻼل ﺷﺪﯾﺪ اﺳﭙﺮﻣﺎﺗﻮژﻧﺰ ﺑﻮد. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪﮔﯿﺮي: ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ، ﺷﻨﺎي اﺳﺘﻘﺎﻣﺘﯽ ﺑﺎ ﭘﺮوﺗﮑﻞ اﺳﺘﻔﺎدهﺷﺪه در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ زﻣﯿﻨﻪﺳﺎز اﺧﺘﻼل ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﻣﺜﻞ و ﺑﺎروري ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺎه ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ اﺳﺘﻘﺎﻣﺘﯽ در ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ ﺑﻪ وﯾﮋه ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﻗﻠﺒﯽ-ﻋﺮوﻗﯽ، ﺑﺮاي ﭘﯿﺸﮕﯿﺮي از ﭘﯿﺸﺎﻣﺪ ﭼﻨﯿﻦ ﻋﺎرﺿﻪاي ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻓﮑﺮ راهﮐﺎرﻫﺎي ﻣﮑﻤﻞ ﯾﺎ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎي ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻨﯽ ﺑﺮاي ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ اﺳﺘﻘﺎﻣﺘﯽ ﺑﻮد.

Background Purpose: Exercise along with the desired effect on some physical systems may be associated with the disorder of other systems. Although endurance training is a "golden exercise" for general health, but based on the scientific studies, it can be associated with reproductive system disorders; the purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of endurance swimming on the histomorphometric indices of testis in adult male Wistar rats. Methodology: For this purpose, rats (N=10) were randomly divided into control (C) (n=5) and endurance swimming (ES) (n=5) groups. The rats in ES group were exposed to 45 minutes' endurance swimming, three sessions a week for 6 weeks. Forty-five hours after the last swim session, rats were euthanized, research ethics considered. Their testes were placed in 10% buffered formalin solution and sent to the laboratory for histomorphometric evaluations. Data were analysed using independent t-test at α=0.05. Results: Tubular differentiation indices (TDI) (p=0.001), cumulative coefficient (RI) (p=0.00), spermiogenesis index (SI) (p=0.00) and number of Sertoli cells (p=0.01) of ES group were significantly less than C group, but differences in Leydig cell parameters (p=0.45), testicular capsule thickness (p=0.07), tube diameter Spermatogenesis (p=0.92), sperm tube-forming epithelium height (p=0.117), number of spermatogenic tubes (p=0.51) and inner tube lumen diameter Spermatogenesis (p=0.29) were not significant. The histological profile of the testis of ES group showed severe spermatogenesis. Conclusion: Endurance swimming protocol of this study can provoke reproductive and infertility disorders, and given the role of endurance activity in public health, especially cardiovascular health, complementary strategies should be considered to prevent the occurrence of such complications.