عنوان به زبان ديگر :
Investigation the effect of vermicompost, biofertilizers and nitrogen application on yield and phytochemical properties of Dracocephalum moldavica L. medicinal plant under different moisture conditions
پديد آورندگان :
رحيمي، امير دانشگاه اروميه - دانشكده كشاورزي - گروه زراعت، ايران , دولتي، بهنام دانشگاه اروميه - دانشكده كشاورزي - گروه علوم و مهندسي خاك، ايران , حيدرزاده، سعيد دانشگاه اروميه - دانشكده كشاورزي - گروه زراعت، ايران , احمدي، فاطمه دانشگاه اروميه - دانشكده كشاورزي - گروه علوم و مهندسي خاك، ايران
كليدواژه :
آنتي اكسيدان , ورمي‌كمپوست , تنش كم آبي , كشاورزي پايدار
چكيده فارسي :
به منظور بررسي تأثير ورمي‌كمپوست،كودهاي زيستي و نيتروژن بر عملكرد كمي و كيفي بادرشبو تحت شرايط مختلف رطـوبتي، آزمايشـي بـه صورت فاكتوريل در قالب طرح بلوك‌هاي كامل تصادفي با سه تكرار انجام گرديد. تيمارهاي آزمايشي شامل آبياري (I) در سه سطح 40، 60 و 80 درصد رطوبـت قابـل اسـتفاده در عمـق توسعه ريشه به عنوان فاكتور اول و حاصلخيزكننده‌هاي خاك در پنج سطح: عدم مصرف كود (F0)، اوره (Ure) (150 كيلوگرم در هكتار)، باكتري‌هاي آزادزي تثبيت‌كننده نيتروژن (NFB)، ورمي‌كمپوست (V)و ورمي‌كمپوست + باكتري‌هاي آزادزي تثبيت‌كننده نيتروژن (V+NFB) به عنوان فاكتور دوم اعمال گرديد. نتايج نشان داد تنش كم‌آبي منجر به كاهش معني‌دار مقدار عناصر غذايي (روي، منگنز و مس) و رنگيزههاي فتوسنتزي گرديد، در حاليكه گياهان تلقيح شده با V+NFB باعث افزايش معني‌دار مقدار عناصر روي (Zn)، منگنز (Mn) و مس (Cu) نسبت به كاربرد جداگانه حاصلخيز كننده خاك گرديد. همچنين كاربرد تركيبي V+NFB موجب افزايش ميزان كلروفيل a (45 %)، كلروفيل b (50 %)، كلروفيل كل (46 %) و كاروتنوئيد (39 %) نسبت به تيمار شاهد شد. محتواي فنل كل، فلاونوئيد، درصد مهار راديكال DPPH ، درصد محتواي رطوبت نسبي و عملكرد خشك بوته بادرشبو به ترتيب منجر به افزايش 36، 37 ، 35 ، 29 و 31 درصد در شرايط آبياري مطلوب و 31، 29 ،30 ، 21 و 23 درصد در شرايط تنش متوسط و 21، 19 ، 18، 17 و 17 درصد در شرايط تنش شديد در گياهان تلقيح شده با V+NFB شد.
چكيده لاتين :
Today, water scarcity is one of the biggest concerns of agriculture in arid and semi-arid areas. In order to investigate the effect of vermicompost, biofertilizers and nitrogen on the quantitative and qualitative performance of Badershob under different moisture conditions, a factorial experiment was performed in the form of a randomized complete block design with three replications. Experimental treatments, including irrigation (I) at three levels of 40, 60 and 80% moisture, can be used at the root development depth as the first factor and soil fertility at five levels: non-consumption of fertilizer (F0), urea (150 kg per hectare). Nitrogen-stabilizing release (NFB), vermicompost (V) and vermicompost + release nitrogen-fixing (V + NFB) release bacteria were applied as the second factor. The results showed that water scarcity led to a significant reduction in the amount of nutrients (zinc, manganese and copper) and photosynthetic pigments, while plants inoculated with V + NFB significantly increased the amount of zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn) and Copper (Cu) has become more fertile than soil. The combined use of V + NFB increased chlorophyll a (45%), chlorophyll b (50%), total chlorophyll (46%) and carotenoids (39%) compared to the control treatment. The content of total phenol, flavonoids, the percentage of radical inhibition of DPPH, the percentage of relative moisture content and dry yield of the plant led to an increase of 36, 37, 35, 29 and 31%, respectively, in optimal irrigation conditions and 31, 29, 30, 21 and 23%. Comparison of the average soil fertility treatments in different irrigation levels showed that soil fertility application led to a decrease in proline content. Accordingly, the highest amount of proline (31 micrograms of warmer weight) of the control treatment was observed in irrigation conditions after consuming 80% of the usable moisture in the root development depth and without the use of soil fertility treatments. However, the lowest proline levels of 15.61 micromoles per kg of body weight were obtained in irrigated conditions after consuming 40% of the moisture usable in root development depth and fertilizer and vermicompost treatment + nitrogen stabilizing release bacteria (V + NFB). According to the results of variance analysis, different irrigation levels and soil fertility treatments had a significant effect on the amount of malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide. According to the results of the comparison of the mean of the data, the delay in irrigation significantly increased the concentration of malondialdehyde. While the use of soil fertility treatments has shown an effective role in reducing the amount of malondialdehyde, the highest and lowest levels of this trait were observed in control treatment and combined treatment of vermicompost and nitrogen-fixing release bacteria (V + NFB), respectively. Combination treatment of vermicompost and nitrogen-fixing release bacteria (V + NFB) reduced the amount of hydrogen peroxide at all three different irrigation levels compared to the control treatment.Soil fertility combined with soil fertility treatments was less than the individual application conditions In moderate stress conditions and 21, 19, 18, 17 and 17% in severe stress conditions in plants inoculated with V + NFB. From the obtained results, it is inferred that the application of the combined system of organic, biological and chemical fertilizers due to the increase of compatible solutions and regulation of antioxidant systems, as an effective solution to soil fertility and increase nutrient uptake, improves environmental stress. Comparison of the average data obtained from the interaction of different levels of irrigation and soil fertility treatments clearly showed that the combined use of fertilizer and vermicompost + nitrogen-fixing release bacteria (V + NFB) and treatment application of vermicompost increased the effect of increasing irrigation at all different levels. The percentage of leaf moisture content showed. The lowest percentage of leaf moisture content (52.45%) in irrigation conditions was obtained after consuming 80% of the moisture that can be used in the root development depth and without the use of soil fertility treatments. A study of the results of this study showed that the combined use of vermicompost and nitrogen-fixing release bacteria (V + NFB) reduces the effects of drought stress. Many of the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the plant are fragrant.Therefore, the results of this study showed that the use of soil fertilizers by improving plant tolerance in water stress conditions leads to improved plant performance.
