مدلسازي و تحليل سايت جامع توليد همزمان حرارت و توان از ديدگاه اگزرژواكونوميك در يك مورد مطالعاتي چهار مگاواتي

Modeling and analysis of total site heat and power cogeneration from an exergoeconomic approach in a 4 MW case study

در ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ و ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺳﺎﻳﺖ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎن ﺣﺮارت و ﺗﻮان، ﻧﺤﻮهي ﭼﻴﺪﻣﺎن ﺗﺠﻬﻴﺰات در ﻓﺮآﻳﻨﺪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ اﻫﻤﻴﺖ وﻳﮋهاي دارﻧﺪ. ﻃﺮاﺣﻲ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ اﻳﻦ ﭼﻴﺪﻣﺎنﻫﺎ ﻣﻲﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺻﺮﻓﻪ ﺟﻮﻳﻲ ﻳﺎ در ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ آن ﺑﺎﻋﺚ اﻳﺠﺎد ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎي اﺿﺎﻓﻲ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻴﻪ ﮔﺮدد. دراﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ، اﺑﺘﺪا ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻳﻚ ﻣﺪل ﺗﻜﺮار ﺷﻮﻧﺪه ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻻ ﻛﻪ ﻳﻚ روش ﻫﺪفﮔﺬاري اﺻﻼﺣﻲ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎن ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ، ﭼﻴﺪﻣﺎن ﺗﻮرﺑﻴﻦﻫﺎي ﺑﺨﺎر ﺑﻴﻦ ﺳﻄﻮح ﺑﺨﺎر ﺑﺮاي ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺗﻲ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺷﺪه و درﺻﻮرت ﺗﺎﻣﻴﻦ ﻧﺸﺪن ﺗﻮان ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻴﺎز درﺳﺎﻳﺖ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺗﻮرﺑﻴﻦﻫﺎي ﺑﺨﺎر اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺗﻮرﺑﻴﻦ ﮔﺎزي ﻳﺎ ﺗﻮرﺑﻴﻦ ﻛﻨﺪاﻧﺲ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺗﻮان اﺿﺎﻓﻲ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻣﻲﮔﺮدد. ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻛﻪ ﺳﻨﺎرﻳﻮي ﻣﻨﺘﺨﺐ ﭼﻴﺪﻣﺎن ﺗﻮرﺑﻴﻦﻫﺎي ﺑﺨﺎرﻓﺸﺎر ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺘﻲ درﻛﻨﺎر ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺗﻮرﺑﻴﻦ ﮔﺎزي، داراي ﺑﺎزدﻫﻲ اﮔﺰرژي 83 درﺻﺪ، ﺗﺨﺮﻳﺐ اﮔﺰرژي 1881/3 ﻛﻴﻠﻮ وات و ﻣﺠﻤﻮع ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﻧﺮخ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬاري و ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﻧﺮخ ﺗﺨﺮﻳﺐ اﮔﺰرژي 340/9 دﻻر ﺑﺮ ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ. درﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ، اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻲ از ﭼﻴﺪﻣﺎن ﺗﻮرﺑﻴﻦﻫﺎي ﺑﺨﺎر ﻓﺸﺎر ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺘﻲ درﻛﻨﺎر ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ ﺗﻮرﺑﻴﻦ ﮔﺎزي، از دﻳﺪﮔﺎه اﮔﺰرژواﻛﻮﻧﻮﻣﻴﻚ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﭼﻴﺪﻣﺎن ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎد ﺷﺪﻧﺪ.

In design and analysis of total site of heat and power cogeneration, how to arrange equipment has a unique importance in production process. Due to high cost of turbines setting up and fuel demand for power plants that generates required steam for turbines, suitable design of these arrangements can save or in front of it create unjustified extra costs. In this paper, using an Iterative Bottom-to-Top Model (IBTM) which is a new modified cogeneration targeting method, cogeneration potential is estimated and fit to it, temperatures of steam levels, power generation, fuel and steam flows and the amount of boiler heat load are calculated. First steam turbines arrangement between steam levels for case study is designated and if required power is not provided in total site by steam turbines, use of gas turbine or condensing turbine to generate additional power are checked. The results of the research showed that the selected scenario of back pressure steam turbines arrangement beside gas turbine system, has maximum exergy efficiency, minimum exergy destruction and minimum total capital cost rate and exergy destruction cost rate. Finally, mixed use of back pressure steam turbines beside gas turbine system, were suggested as the best arrangement from an exergoeconomic approach.