پديد آورندگان :
فائزي، فرزين دانشگاه پيام نور تهران - گروه عمران , ميرشكاريان بابكي، مهرداد دانشگاه پيام نور تهران - گروه عمران , شريفي، رضا دانشگاه پيام نور تهران - گروه عمران
كليدواژه :
خصوصيات مكانيكي , بستر رسي , تثبيت , سيمان آهكي
چكيده فارسي :
ﺑﺴﺘﺮﻫﺎي رﺳﻲ در ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺧﺸﻚ از اﺳﺘﺤﻜﺎم و ﺳﺨﺘﻲ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﻲ ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ وﻟﻲ در ﺣﻀﻮر رﻃﻮﺑﺖ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ آﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺪت اﻓﺖ ﻛﺮده و ﺑﺴﺘﺮ ﻣﺴﺘﻌﺪ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺷﻜﻞﻫﺎي ﭘﻼﺳﺘﻴﻚ ﺷﺪه و ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺑﺎرﺑﺮي آن ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻣﺤﺴﻮﺳﻲ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ. ﭘﺲ ﻫﺪف از اﻳﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ارزﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﻓﻨﻲ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﺳﻴﻤﺎن آﻫﻜﻲ ﺑﺮ وﻳﮋﮔﻲﻫﺎي ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻲ و ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮدي ﺑﺮ ﺑﺴﺘﺮ رﺳﻲ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺪﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر 400 ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺧﺎك از ﺑﺴﺘﺮ راه روﺳﺘﺎﻳﻲ راز ﺑﻪ ﭘﺴﻴﻦ دره ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﺷﺪ. در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ اول آزﻣﺎﻳﺶﻫﺎي داﻧﻪﺑﻨﺪي، ﺣﺪود اﺗﺮﺑﺮگ و... روي 20 ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ از ﺧﺎك اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ دوم وزن ﻣﺨﺼﻮص ﺧﺸﻚ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ و ﻣﻴﺰان رﻃﻮﺑﺖ ﺑﻬﻴﻨﻪ ﻣﺨﻠﻮط ﺧﺎك-ﺳﻴﻤﺎن ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺷﺪ. در اﻳﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ آﻫﻚ ﺑﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد ﺑﺴﺘﺮ رﺳﻲ، از دو ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺳﻴﻤﺎن ﭘﺮﺗﻠﻨﺪ آﻫﻜﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺎمﻫﺎي PKZ1 )داراي 80 درﺻﺪ ﻛﻠﻴﻨﻜﺮ 17 درﺻﺪ آﻫﻚ+3درﺻﺪ ﮔﭻ( و PKZ2 )داراي 85 درﺻﺪ ﻛﻠﻴﻨﻜﺮ 12 درﺻﺪ آﻫﻚ+3درﺻﺪ ﮔﭻ( اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺳﻮم ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ درﺻﺪ ﺳﻴﻤﺎن آﻫﻜﻲ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺮاي اﺧﺘﻼط، آزﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺗﺮاﻛﻢ ﻣﺨﻠﻮط ﺧﺎك-ﺳﻴﻤﺎن ﺑﺎ درﺻﺪﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ (6% ، 8% ، 10% ، 12% و 14%) با سيمان آهكي نوع 1 و نوع 2 انجام شد. در مرحله چهارم 24 نمونه استوانه اي با افزودن (8% ،10% ، 12%) سيمان آهكي نوع 1 و نوع 2 به نمونه خاك ساخته شده و تحت آزمايش مقاومت فشاري قرار گرفتند. ﺳﻴﻤﺎن آﻫﻜﻲ ﻧﻮع 1 و ﻧﻮع 2 ﺑﻪ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺧﺎك ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه و ﺗﺤﺖ آزﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﻓﺸﺎري ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﭘﻨﺠﻢ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﻛﺸﺸﻲ ﻏﻴﺮﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ و آزﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻣﺪول ﺗﻨﺶ-ﻛﺮﻧﺶ ﻣﺨﻠﻮط ﺧﺎك-ﺳﻴﻤﺎن ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد داﻧﺴﻴﺘﻪ ﺧﺸﻚ ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﺨﻠﻮط ﺧﺎك-ﺳﻴﻤﺎن ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰودن 10 درﺻﺪ ﺳﻴﻤﺎن آﻫﻜﻲ ﻧﻮع 1 و ﻧﻮع 2 ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ ﻣﻲآﻳﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺣﺎﻛﻲ از اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﻓﺸﺎري، ﻣﻘﺎﻣﺖ ﻛﺸﺶ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﻣﺨﻠﻮط ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎ ﺳﻴﻤﺎن ﭘﺮﺗﻠﻨﺪ آﻫﻜﻲ ﻧﻮع 1 ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﻤﺎن ﭘﺮﺗﻠﻨﺪ آﻫﻜﻲ ﻧﻮع 2 داﺷﺘﻪ و ﻛﻠﻴﻪ اﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻛﻠﻴﻪ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻤﻞ آوري 28 روزه ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮي ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻫﺎي 7 روزه داﺷﺘﻨﺪ.
چكيده لاتين :
Clay soils often cause problems in construction projects. In cold regions, freezing and thawing of clay soils can cause significant changes in the geotechnical characteristics of the soil. Frozen and thawed soils have shown changes in volume, strength, compressibility, frozen moisture content, bearing capacity and microstructural changes. In road construction projects in cold regions, freezing and melting is one of the factors affecting the unstability of soil engineering behavior, including the durability and performance of pavement and pavement layers. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to evaluate the effect of freezing and melting cycles on the parameters of the durability of calcareous stabilized clay bed based on compressive strength test results. 400 kg of soil samples were collected from the subgrade of the RAZ-PASIN rural road. In the first stage, granulation experiments, Atterberg and ... on 20 soil samples were performed. The second stage was the dry maximum dry matter and optimum moisture content of the soil-cement mixture. The third step was to determine the percentage of suitable cement for mixing, soil-cement mixed density with different percentages (6%, 8%, 10%, 12% and 14%) with limestone cement type 1 and type 2. In the fourth stage, 24 cylindrical specimens were added to the soil sample by adding (8%, 10%, 12%) of type 1 and type 2 calcareous cement and tested for compressive strength. In the fifth step, the indirect tensile strength and the stress-strain modulus of the mixed soil-cement were determined. The results indicated that the maximum dry matter density of the soil-cement mixture was obtained by adding 10% of type 1 and type 2 calcareous cement. The results also showed an increase in the compressive strength of the composite made with type 1 lime Portland cement compared to Type 2 lime Portland cement, and all specimens containing 8% calcareous cement additive exhibit more than 35 kg / cm2 after 7 days of resistance treatment. This means that samples made with Portland cement have a sufficient durability against atmospheric agents. If the use of calcareous Portland cement is used only for bed consolidation as a layer of pavement layers and the appropriate weight percentage of Portland Type II cement is selected to be 8% for the consolidation of the studied soil, the cost of the Rural Road Project will be compared. The Late Valley showed a 13% reduction in the cost of supplying calcareous Portland cement compared to Type II Portland cement (Table 10). This is due to a 15% reduction in energy costs (gas and electricity consumed) in the manufacture of calcareous Portland cement compared to Type II Portland cement. By comparing the results of compressive strength of soil-mixture of type 1 calcareous Portland cement and type 2 cement, it can be concluded that the effect of type 1 calcareous Portland cement in obtaining compressive strength is better than type 2 calcareous Portland cement due to increasing Lime is made of cement composition. This increased resistance is due to the ion exchange reaction and the agglomeration-compaction reaction between lime and soil and is achieved by lime contact with most fine-grained soils. Thus, the calcium ions in the lime are replaced by the lower-capacity positive ions in the soil. This results in the accumulation of calcium ions around the clay particles.
