توانمندسازي ساختاري ذي‌نفعان روستايي براي مشاركت در فراگرد كارآفريني با نقش ميانجي اثرات ادراك شده از توسعه كارآفريني

پژوهش حاضر به واكاوي اثرات توانمندسازي ساختاري ذي­نفعان روستايي براي مشاركت آنان در فراگرد كارآفريني با نقش ميانجي اثرات ادراك شده از توسعه كارآفريني در شهرستان طارم پرداخت. در اين پژوهش كمي و توصيفي ـ تحليلي، جمع­آوري داده ­ها به­ وسيله پرسشنامه انجام شد. پي­آيندهاي پژوهش حاكي از وجود رابطه مثبت و معنادار بين متغير توانمندسازي ساختاري ذي­ن فعان روستايي با سه متغير ميانجي اثرات محيطي ـ اكولوژيك، اجتماعي ـ فرهنگي و اقتصادي ادراك شده از توسعه كارآفريني است. همچنين، رابطه بين توانمندسازي ساختاري ذي­ نفعان روستايي و مشاركت آنان در فراگرد كارآفريني با نقش ميانجي اثرات اجتماعي ـ فرهنگي و اقتصادي ادراك شده از توسعه كارآفريني با توجه به مقدار z به دست آمده، مورد تاييد قرار گرفت. اما رابطه بين توانمندسازي ساختاري ذي­ نفعان روستايي و مشاركت آنان در فراگرد كارآفريني با نقش ميانجي اثرات محيطي ـ اكولوژيك ادراك شده از توسعه كارآفريني تاييد نشد. به ­سخن ديگر، اجراي طرح­ها و برنامه ­هاي توسعه كارآفريني در حوزه محيطي ـ اكولوژيك، به­ گونه­ اي نبوده كه بتواند مشاركت ذي­نفعان روستايي را در اين زمينه با خود همراه سازد. به­طوركلي، يافته ­هاي پژوهش نشان داد، توانمندسازي ساختاري ذي­نفعان روستايي با نقش ميانجي اثرات اجتماعي ـ فرهنگي و اقتصادي ادراك شده از توسعه كارآفريني بر مشاركت آنان در دو بعد اجتماعي ـ فرهنگي و اقتصادي كارآفريني تاثير مثبت و معنادار داشته است.

ntroduction Today, entrepreneurship development is primarily influenced by rural stakeholders' structural empowerment. Because structural empowerment process through changing knowledge, skills, attitudes, and feelings of stakeholders’ and strengthening and flourishing their capacities, inner talents, and improving their behavior and perception from the benefits of entrepreneurship development, leads to their greater involvement in rural entrepreneurship. Accordingly, powerful rural stakeholders are fundamental to innovation and the creation of a new mix of entrepreneurship. Their participation in the entrepreneurial process is a suitable basis for entrepreneurial success. Materials and Methods The present study was conducted to examine the effects of rural stakeholders' structural empowerment on their participation in the entrepreneurship process, through the mediating role of the perceived impact of entrepreneurship development on Tarom. In this descriptive-analytic study, the data collection was conducted using a questionnaire. The study's statistical population includes 95 inhabited villages of Tarom County, Iran, which according to the Census of 2016, has a population of 36817 people and 11412 households. In this study, 37 villages were randomly selected to complete the questionnaire at the village level. Results The results showed a positive and significant relationship between the rural stakeholders' structural empowerment Index with the mediating variables, including perceived ecological-environmental, socio-cultural and economic effects of entrepreneurship development. Additionally, the relationship between the structural empowerment of rural stakeholders and their participation in the entrepreneurship process through the mediating role of perceived socio-cultural and economic effects of entrepreneurship development, according to z value, was confirmed. However, the relationship between the structural empowerment of rural stakeholders and their participation in the entrepreneurship process through the mediating role of the perceived environmental-ecological effects of entrepreneurship development was not confirmed. In other words, the implementation of entrepreneurship programs and plans in the ecological-environmental field has not aligned rural stakeholders' participation in this field. In general, the results showed that rural stakeholders' structural empowerment had had a positive and significant impact on their participation in the economic and social-cultural dimensions of entrepreneurship, through the mediating role of perceived socio-cultural and economic effects of entrepreneurship development. Conclusion Structural empowerment is an essential step towards improving the potentials and talents of rural stakeholders. Paying attention to rural stakeholders' structural empowerment can provide the basis for environmental, ecological, social, cultural, economic, and physical stability and equilibrium of rural settlements at local and regional levels.