بررسي مقايسه‌اي بيولوژي توليدمثلي ماهي كاراس (Carassius gibelio Bloch, 1782) در دو منطقه سد گلستان و سد وشمگير استان گلستان- شمال ايران

Comparative study on Reproductive characteristics of Carassius gibelio (Bloch, 1782) in Golestan and Voshmgir dam lake

در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺮﺧﯽ وﯾﮋﮔﯽﻫﺎي ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﻣﺜﻠﯽ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺟﻨﺴﯽ، ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﮔﻨﺎدوﺳﻮﻣﺎﺗﯿﮏ، ﻫﻢآوري و ﻗﻄﺮ ﺗﺨﻤﮏ ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ ﻣﺎﻫﯽ ﮐﺎراس )C. gibelio( در ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ از اﺳﻔﻨﺪﻣﺎه 1393 ﺗﺎ ﻣﻬﺮﻣﺎه 1394 ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﺑﺮداري ﺑﻪﺻﻮرت ﻣﺎﻫﺎﻧﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ و ﺗﻌﺪاد 247 ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ از ﺳﺪ ﮔﻠﺴﺘﺎن و 208 ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ از ﺳﺪ وﺷﻤﮕﯿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮر ﭘﺮه ﺻﯿﺪ ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺟﻨﺴﯽ ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺎن ﺻﯿﺪﺷﺪه از ﺳﺪ ﮔﻠﺴﺘﺎن 10/23 :1 و ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺟﻨﺴﯽ ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺎن ﺻﯿﺪﺷﺪه از ﺳﺪ وﺷﻤﮕﯿﺮ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ 1:10/56 ﺑﻮد. ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﮔﻨﺎدوﺳﻮﻣﺎﺗﯿﮏ در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺳﺪ ﮔﻠﺴﺘﺎن ﺑﺮاي ﺟﻨﺲ ﻣﺎده ﺧﺮداد ﻣﺎه و ﺑﺮاي ﺟﻨﺲ ﻧﺮ اردﯾﺒﻬﺸﺖ ﻣﺎه ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺎدهﻫﺎ و ﻧﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﻪﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ 12/20 و 3/28 ﺑﻪدﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ و در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺳﺪ وﺷﻤﮕﯿﺮ ﺑﺮاي ﻫﺮ دو ﺟﻨﺲ ﻣﺎده و ﻧﺮ در ﺧﺮداد ﻣﺎه ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺎدهﻫﺎ و ﻧﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﻪﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ 11/15 و 2/93 ﺑﻪدﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ. ﺑﯿﺸﯿﻨﻪ ﻃﻮل ﮐﻞ و وزن در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺳﺪ ﮔﻠﺴﺘﺎن ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺎدهﻫﺎ ﺑﻪﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ 196/00 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﻣﺘﺮ و 141/35 ﮔﺮم و ﺑﺮاي ﻧﺮﻫﺎ 156/00 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﻣﺘﺮ و 52/42 ﮔﺮم و در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺳﺪ وﺷﻤﮕﯿﺮ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺎدهﻫﺎ ﺑﻪﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ 240/00 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﻣﺘﺮ و 280/60 ﮔﺮم و ﺑﺮاي ﻧﺮﻫﺎ 179/00 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﻣﺘﺮ و 81/75 ﮔﺮم ﺛﺒﺖ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﮐﻤﯿﻨﻪ، ﺑﯿﺸﯿﻨﻪ و ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻫﻢآوري ﻣﻄﻠﻖ در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺳﺪ ﮔﻠﺴﺘﺎن ﺑﻪﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ 83134/09 ،327/71 و 13272/67 و در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺳﺪ وﺷﻤﮕﯿﺮ 430416/00 ،4857/82 و 65270/02 و ﮐﻤﯿﻨﻪ، ﺑﯿﺸﯿﻨﻪ و ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻫﻢآوري ﻧﺴﺒﯽ )ﺗﺨﻢ ﺑﻪ ازاي ﻫﺮ ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم وزن ﺑﺪن( در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺳﺪ ﮔﻠﺴﺘﺎن ﺑﻪﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ 5432/02 ،147/93 و 1002/48 و در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺳﺪ وﺷﻤﮕﯿﺮ ﺑﻪﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ 10722/34 ،100/94 و 1283/99 ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷﺪ. ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻗﻄﺮ ﺗﺨﻤﮏﻫﺎ در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺳﺪ ﮔﻠﺴﺘﺎن 0/64 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﻣﺘﺮ و از 0/11 ﺗﺎ 1/39و در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺳﺪ وﺷﻤﮕﯿﺮ 0/62 ﻣﯿﻠﯽﻣﺘﺮ و از 0/13 ﺗﺎ 1/11 ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﺑﻮد.

This study conducted to study some biological traits of Carassius gibelio in Golestan dam and Voshmgir dam from February to September 2015. During the study, 247 specimens from Golestan dam and 208 specimens from Voshmgir dam were sampled using small beach seine. The sex ratio of fish caught from Golestan dam to 1:10/23 and the sex ratio of fish caught from the dam Voshmgir1: 10/56. The highest average gonadosomatic index (GSI) in Golestan dam for female to male June and May, respectively, were observed for females and males respectively 12/20 and 3/28 in the dam area Voshmgir for both female and male was observed on June 11/15 and 2/93 respectively for females and males respectively. The maximum total length and weight of Golestan dam area for females and males respectively 196/00 mm, 141/35 gr and 156/00 mm, 52/42 gr and in the dam area Voshmgir for females respectively 240/00 mm, 280/60 gr and for males was 00/179 mm, 81/75 gr. Minimum, maximum and mean absolute fecundity in Golestan dam with 327/71 respectively, 83134/09 and 13272/67 and in the dam area Voshmgir 4857/82, 430416/00 and 65270/02 and minimum, maximum and average were Relative fecundity (eggs per kg body weight) respectively in Golestan dam with 147/93, 5432/02 and 1002/48 and in the dam area Voshmgir respectively, with 100/94, 10722/34 and 1283/99 respectively. The mean diameter of 0/64 mm eggs in Golestan dam and from 0/11 to 1/39 and 0/62 mm and 0/13 to 1/11 Voshmgir dam area was variable.